Abstract
The article presents an overview of research in the field of caring for pensioners and people with cognitive impairment in the Russian Federation at the beginning of the 21st century. The rethinking of guardianship in Russian society is shown. A review of 50 modern literary sources, journal articles from WoS and Scopus by Russian authors were studied using the methods of scientometric analysis, empirical generalization and systematization of information, 31 articles on the research topic were selected. Knowledge of the transformation of care is an actual interdisciplinary direction in anthropology. The idea of elaborating this concept based on a sample of the world communities’ population in developed and developing countries and countries with economies in transition, with different guardianship services’ coordination. In the formation of social attitudes, the social isolation of older people is clearly traced against the background of modern demographic processes, with a propensity for the aging of the world's population. The rethinking of guardianship in Russian society is shown. The problem nodes of various forms of support are tracked, the vector of their further development is determined. The differentiation of the socio-economic status of the elderly population is noted. The peculiarity of the volunteer movement during the pandemic is emphasized. The accumulated knowledge revealed the transformation of attitude towards humanization. A change in traditional types of assistance has been noted, reduction of state participation. To compensate for the current situation, the UN today is already taking steps to create favorable living conditions for the mature population in all countries.
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