한민족 생활공간의 외연 확장과 성격: 1920-30년대 카자흐스탄 ‘카즈리스’ 농업조합을 중심으로

Abstract

This study aims to examine that the living space of the Korean people had already expanded to Central Asia, Europe, Russia, and Ukraine before the incident of ’forced migration of Koreans in the Far East’ in 1937, focused on the ‘Kazris (Kazakhstan rice cooperative, later Kolkhoz)’. This paper reveals through documentary data that Koreans had been living in the region for a long time before they were forcibly moved to Central Asia in 1937. Therefore, I would like to argue that Koreans have been active in the Eurasian region, specifically in the Soviet Union, for a long time, and this needs to be viewed from the perspective of the expansion of the Korean people’s living space.BR ‘Kazris’ was organized in 1928 by Koreans living in the Far East of the Soviet Union after migrating to the Kazakh Autonomous Republic at the time, with about 300 members. At that time, the natural environment of the Kyzyl-Orda region was different from today, and the land was relatively fertile and the water quantity was abundant, so it was judged that it was possible to experiment with rice farming.BR About half of the members of ‘Kazris’ went to the Taldy-Kurgan region adjacent to Ushtobe in 1930 to form the ‘International’ kolkhoz and cultivated rice, because rice farming was possible due to the abundance of agricultural water in that area. Rice farming in the areas of Kyzyl-Orda and Taldy-Kurgan was considered successful. However, the Koreans people of Taldy-Kurgan had to return to Kyzyl-Orda because many of them were sacrificed because of malaria. BR In addition, the formation of ‘Kazris’ realized the possibility of rice cultivation in the Central Asian region, and showed that the Korean people were suitable for this process. This fact also possibly influenced the policy of Korean people’s deportation on a large scale from the Far East in 1937.