ПРОФЕСІОНАЛІЗАЦІЯ КАСКАДЕРСЬКОГО МИСТЕЦТВА В США (1900–1960 рр.): ІСТОРИЧНА РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА

Abstract

The aim of the research is to study and analyse the formation stages of the professional stunt art in the US film industry in the 1900–1960s. Research methods are an organic set of basic principles of the scientific analysis: objectivity, historicity, multifactority, consistency, complexity, development and pluralism. To achieve the aim of the research the study addresses to such scientific methods as chronological, historical, statistical, descriptive, and logically analytical. Scientific novelty. The article considers the stunt art process of formation and development in American film production in the context of its professionalization during the 1900–1960s. It analyses the principles of attracting masters of various genres to the filming process, their creative achievements as well as their achievements in creating new techniques and methods for performing tricks, and the influence of professional stuntmen on the development of the American cinema of the specified period; it also clarifies and supplements the “stunt” concept, and looks into the process of forming stunt as a profession. Conclusions. A study of the stunt art professionalization in the American film industry of the 1900–1960s showed that in abovementioned this period the tricks in fiction films were often performed by professionals, having gained training and experience outside the film industry. With the assistance of performing stuntmen, the development system of the latest technology training was formed in the late 1950s – early 1960s. In its turn it contributed to the formation of professional stunt art and its evolution.