ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МЕТАНОГЕННОГО ЗБРОДЖУВАННЯ ВІДХОДІВ ХАРЧОВОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ

Abstract

Purpose. To investigate the joint utilization of rice husk, cattle manure and meat processing plant’s waste water by anaerobic fermentation taking to account it is considered as one of the most effective ways of multicomponent sub- strates utilization, and to determine the optimal weight proportions of mixed waste components as a substrate for fer- mentation in an anaerobic bioreactor. Methodology. We have fermented substrates in a bioreactor with an upward flow of liquid through an anaerobic sludge layer UASB of periodic action with a total volume of 50 dm3 to study anaerobic fermentation of substrates with different weight ratio of components in mesophilic conditions. We have monitored the indicators of the amount of released formed biogas and methane, the degree of organic matter biodegradation by the indicator of COD and the medium pH. We have performed a number of experiments of substrates anaerobic fermenta- tion with different weight ratio of cattle manure, waste water and rice husk at mesophilic temperature. Results. We have identified the parameters of the influence of the substrate composition on the efficiency of the organic matter decompo- sition, biogas formation and methane yield as a result of anaerobic reactions. It allows to determine the degree of the organic matter destruction of cattle manure and rice husk and evaluated the negative impact of fatty acids on anaerobic reactions. Originality. For the first time, we have carried out the integrated research of joint fermentation of rice husk and waste from mixed production in an anaerobic bioreactor. We have proved the efficiency of using mixed substrates for methane production and increasing the degree of the waste organic substances biodegradation in comparison with the fermentation rates of monosubstrates. Practical value. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of joint fermenta- tion of rice husk and waste from mixed production in an anaerobic bioreactor, which provides high rates of organic matter destruction in the biological environment with high methane content and stability of similar production reactions.