ОЦІНКА ГОТОВНОСТІ КРАЇН ДО ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ

Abstract

The article highlights the advantages and disadvantages of using e-learning in the educational process, systematizes modern distance technologies, ranked and grouped universities in countries by level of e-learning, gave a rating assessment of the readiness of states for distance learning.The author examines the integrated indicators of the latest international indices such as the RemoteLearningReadinessIndex and the E-LearningIndex.In the wake of the Covid-19 epidemic, the closure of higher education institutions in 223 countries resulted in 1.57 billion students (90% of the world's population) being forced to study remotely.Higher education institutions had to quickly and efficiently organize distance or blended learning, modernize its material and technical base. The threat of future pandemics and economic unrest increases the importance of a reliable distance education system to prevent the next global socio-economic crisis, avoid health emergencies and bridge educational gaps at the national and international levels.In order to assess the readiness of countries to implement distance education, the UNESCO Institute for Statistics conducted a survey in 53 countries.The UNESCO report on the results of monitoring global education in 2021 noted that only 3 countries in the world are fully ready to move to distance learning, 19 countries have partially used online methods, and 28 countries have used a hybrid approach – a combination of distance and full-time learning. Middle-income countries from Colombia to Egypt and from China to the Russian Federation have developed online platforms for blended and distance learning. The survey found positive the fact that 39% of students from sub-Saharan Africa enrolled in institutions that offer different options for distance learning. In the EU, on the other hand, 41% of online students lost their jobs (29% temporarily with the right to return to work and 12% permanently without a job). These results prove the effectiveness of distance education only with the development of an effective model of online learning and its support by the state.