ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ РЫНКА ТРУДА В ТОРГОВЛЕ

Abstract

Modern trade is an important sector of the Russian economy, creating a significant part of the gross value added. Trade infrastructure and its subjects play a significant role in ensuring employment of the population of the Russian Federation. The number of people employed in wholesale and retail trade is increasing annually, at the same time, there is a tendency to decrease the share of people employed in the field of trade, due to an increase in the share of online trade, which has a lower labor intensity. The analysis of the structure of employees in the trade industry in 2021 in the Russian Federation by the level of education reflects a high proportion of workers with higher education, secondary vocational education and secondary general education. However, the growth of both the absolute and relative number of people employed in trade is not balanced with the dynamics of the output of qualified specialists in this field. In 2023, experts note a shortage of trade and operational personnel, which in the future will affect the level of line managers and top management of trading companies. The processes of consolidation and competition between the two leaders of the Russian market are continuing in the trade industry: the holding company, which includes the retail chains Magnit and Dixie, and the holding X5 Group, non-network trade formats are developing as a tool for promoting goods for small and medium-sized businesses. Street retail is being revived with small retail formats with an emphasis on everyday demand. There is an annual increase in the share of eCommerce. The introduction of artificial intelligence technologies into the activities of trading enterprises will reduce the costs of circulation, which will positively affect the prices of goods and stimulate consumer demand. The impact of scientific and technological progress, globalization processes, and the COVID-19 pandemic on trade has led to the need to modernize the labor market and the vocational education system. In order to reduce the personnel deficit and increase the level of professional training and retraining of trade workers, it is advisable to combine the efforts of large retail companies and educational institutions on the basis of a public-private partnership mechanism.