Об организации систем обеспечения безопасности городов

Abstract

Introduction. The article presents the results of many years of research in the field of organizational design of emergency and rescue services (E&RS). The study is a complete solution to the actual scientific and technical problem of substantiating and designing the most important subsystem of the infrastructure of modern cities and territories – the E&RS, which ensures the sustainable and safe life of any city (or territory). The main stages of the research are briefly considered in the article. Based on their results, dozens of publications have been published in different countries of the world. The purpose of the study is to summarize the scientific research that forms the methodological basis of the theory of organization and management of the E&RS of cities and territories. Research methods. Methods of mathematical statistics, probability theory, system analysis, mathematical modelling. Results and its discussion. The article summarizes scientific approaches to the design and organization of urban E&RS based on the use of mathematical and simulation methods. The analytical models presented in the article adequately describe the process of functioning of the E&RS in time, based on the main temporal characteristics of the response of E&RS to a random destructive event (fire, accident, accident, etc.). Simulation modeling technologies make it possible to reproduce the process of E&RS functioning in time and space, taking into account the geographical features of the region and the corresponding laws of the probability distribution of a random variable. An interesting scientific task is to determine the optimal number of basic and special fire trucks in order to ensure the constant readiness of the E&RS to respond to destructive events, which can be solved using the tools of the E&RS organization theory described in the article. Also, the article presents a brief historical overview of the formation and development of the organization theory E&RS. Conclusion. The article presents a complete multi-aspect review of scientific approaches to the design and organization of E&RS and also describes the methodological basis of the theory of E&RS organization. The presented results of multi-year research could be considered as a methodological guidance for assessing the functional parameters of any city E&RS and developing a project for its improved structure. Keywords: fire service, emergency and rescue services, statistical analysis, mathematical models, modeling. •