한국과 미국간의 총허용어획량 제도 비교 분석

Abstract

Topshell catch by Haenyeo (women divers) has been one of Jeju's economically significant harvests of marine living resources. Total allowable catch (TAC) has been introduced to restore the topshell stock. This paper examines the impacts of the TAC regulation on topshells in Jeju through a comparative study with the red snapper TAC in the Gulf of Mexico in the United States. The results showed that topshell production has not been restored since the TAC was introduced in 2001. The red snapper in the United States is a case of successfully restoring fishing stocks by introducing TAC. It will only be possible to increase topshell production by restoring the marine ecosystems off Jeju. The efforts to increase cultural activities, and to host various festivals have been irrelevant to the restoration of the stock. Without efforts to enhance the habitat quality, the decreasing topshell stocks will threaten the economic sustainability of Haenyeo. The continued expansion of municipal wastewater treatment facilities, the tightened regulation on effluents in the flounder aquaculture facilities, and reduced inputs of chemicals related to farming activities are expected to enhance the habitat quality of village fishing grounds. I hope that more women divers will increase their harvests while following their traditionally inherited community culture in their restored fishing grounds in the near future.