РОЗВИТОК АКАДЕМІЧНОЇ МОБІЛЬНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ У НІМЕЧЧИНІ

Abstract

In today's globalised world, ties between countries are developing at all levels and in all areas, and education is no exception. Academic mobility is not only a matter of interest to academics, but also to political institutions and businesses. It brings states closer together, creates important and necessary links between their representatives, which will help to bring such cooperation to a new level in the future. The article analyses the development of academic mobility of students in Germany. In the course of the work, the author used a globalisation approach in order to correctly interpret Germany's foreign educational and cultural policy at all stages of its historical development. The paper uses historical analysis to chronologically describe the formation of the pan-European and German education and science policies. Comparative analysis is used to identify the peculiarities of academic mobility in Germany and in the European Union as a whole, as well as to trace the evolution of academic cooperation between states. The study identifies three stages of formation and development of academic mobility in Germany: the period of academic mobility's origin (XIV century - mid-twentieth century); the period of development of inbound mobility (mid-twentieth century - 80s of the twentieth century); the period of development of bilateral mobility (80s of the twentieth century - first quarter of the twenty-first century). It is stated that the signing of the Bologna Declaration had a tremendous impact on the development of international cooperation and the development of mobility between higher education institutions in Germany and the countries participating in the Declaration. It has been established that academic mobility is an effective mechanism for creating the image of the state and also has a mass effect.