ТЕМА ЮРОДСТВА У Ф.М. ДОСТОЕВСКОГО

Abstract

The article deals with the reflection of lexical units of the theme “foolishness” in F.M. Dos-toevsky’s “The Idiot”, gives a typology of characters with traits characteristic of holy fools, highlighting their characteristics in the aspect of the Christian tradition of foolishness and from the point of view of un-derstanding the philosophy of foolishness by F.M. Dostoevsky. Units of the semantic field “foolishness” are reflected in the “Dictionary of Dostoevsky's language: Idioglossary” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as idioglosses, which carry knowledge of the world of the writer`s linguistic personality. We present a com-parative analysis of 38 lexemes, reflecting the semantic field of foolishness, which actualizes the traits of the foolishness of the characters in F.M. Dostoevsky’s “The Idiot”. Most of the lexical units cited are related to the Christian sphere - “foolishness” in Dostoevsky's understanding reflects the idea of higher Christian justice. The purpose of this article is to summarize the available research on the topic “foolishness” in F.M. Dostoevsky “The Idiot”, to designate her place in the language picture of the writer’s world and in the philosophy of his life. The relevance of the study is the absence of a significant number of scientific papers on this topic. We made our conclusions analyzing mainly novels, correspondence and diaries of F.M. Dostoevsky, and also relying on the work of famous scientists: M.M. Bakhtin, A.P. Evgenieva, V.V. Iva-nova, Yu.N. Karaulova, T.A. Kasatkina, R.G. Nazirova, S.M. Nelsa, E.A. Osokina. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in the study for the first time the theme of foolishness in its linguistic aspect is touched on the material of the Dictionary of the Dostoevsky language.