Структура распространенности врожденного астигматизма слабой степени

Abstract

Purpose. To evaluate structure of low degree congenital astigmatism prevalence. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the biometric parameters of 128,379 patients (256,630 eyes) who underwent diagnostic or treatment care in S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution from 2013 to 2018 was carried out. All results of routine examination were evaluated, including best non-corrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity, central corneal thickness and lens thickness, anterior chamber depth, biometry. Results. The structure of congenital astigmatism over the studied period was distributed as follows: astigmatism of more than 1.0 D was diagnosed in 66,610 (25.96%) eyes. The main number of patients had low degree astigmatism – 86.30%, with the rule astigmatism – 56.10%. Simple astigmatism was diagnosed in 5,317 (7.98%) eyes, complex in 52,436 (78.72%) eyes. The most frequent combination of astigmatism was with myopic refraction 40,955 (61.48%), the least with emmetropic 5,317 (7.98%). Conclusions. Patients with corneal astigmatism mostly underwent cataract surgery 10 years earlier than emmetropic patients, still at working age, due to the inability to engage in professional activities. Most of them were female. Astigmatism up to 0.75 D is more common on the right dominant eye, from 2.0 D and more on the left. All the correlation coefficients indicate a barely noticeable relationship between biometric parameters and the degree of astigmatism. Key words: astigmatism, congenital astigmatism, corneal pathology