ЗАРОДЖЕННЯ МАНЬЄРИЗМУ: ТАЄМНІ ВЕЧЕРІ ЯКОПО ТІНТОРЕТТО

Abstract

The purpose of this publication is to systematise knowledge and conduct an iconographic analysis of Jacopo Tintoretto’s cycle of works entitled The Last Supper. Jacopo Tintoretto’s work is a clear expression of new trends in High Renaissance art, having absorbed all the best from the masters of that period, the following motto was written on the wall of his studio on the San Luca Canal: «Il disegno di Michelangelo ed il colourito di Tiziano» (Michelangelo’s drawing and Titian’s colour). In this way, the artist expressed the main aspiration of his youth: to combine the achievements of the two masters. Such a combination of the best aspects of the High Renaissance artists allowed Tintoretto to outgrow this period of art and engage in a creative search for new forms and ideas. There are only two reliable sources on Jacopo Tintoretto, which makes it difficult to expand knowledge about his life. But despite this, we have reached the main milestones of his life, and from the available sources we can draw a conditional psychological portrait of the artist. In contrast, he left behind a significant body of work, the study of which is promising, because it can be traced to a mixture of artistic trends from several eras. The ideological foundations of Renaissance aesthetics underwent significant changes, both in relation to antiquity and in the relationship between matter and idea, which resulted in Mannerism. At the beginning of its existence, Mannerist art used a set of techniques from the Renaissance, but over time they became insufficient, and it was necessary to look for new ones to embody the new aesthetics. This process can be traced in the studied painting, the use of a diagonal composition, the glow of the halos of saints and the presence of angels on the canvas. The author concludes that the characteristic Baroque compositional solution was achieved by the artist in an evolutionary way, as similar trends can be seen in other artists of the time, such as Titian.