ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ БІОЕКОНОМІКИ В ГАЛУЗІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА

Abstract

It was determined that Ukraine has a significant potential to take a worthy place among the states that are actively developing the bioeconomy. In particular, we have a number of important scientific achievements in genetic, cell engineering, engineering enzymology, creation of new types of medicines, vaccines, biological preparations for the protection of plants and animals, etc. It is substantiated that Ukraine lags far behind innovatively developed countries in the development of the biotechnology industry according to a number of indicators – the volume of scientific research, the degree of implementation of the results of scientific developments in production, the level of legislative, institutional, and financial support of the biotechnology industry, which in turn causes a significant gap between the existing the scale of the use of biotechnologies and their real needs and leads to the loss of competitive positions in the development of promising industries and, as a result, to a significant slowdown in the rate of economic growth. It has been proven that the strengthening of the scientific potential, improvement of professional training, clear definition of the legislative basis for the operation and conduct of scientific research works, as well as the experimental implementation of their results can contribute to the significant acceleration of the development of the biotechnological industry in Ukraine. A wide range of industries in various sectors of the economy, which to one degree or another carry out their economic activities in accordance with the basic principles of bioeconomy, have been systematized. All these industries, according to established European experience, can be divided into two categories: sectors that can be fully attributed to the bioeconomy, in particular those that include the primary production of biomass (agriculture, forestry and fishing), as well as the sectors of the food industry, beverages, tobacco, paper and paper products; sectors that only partially use bio-resources or partially produce bio-products, such as the textile and textile products sectors, the forest industry, chemicals (including enzymes) and plastics, and pharmaceuticals. It was determined that the improvement of the national monitoring system and the development of an effective methodology for assessing the bioeconomy sectors are relevant for the formation of the national bioeconomy development strategy, which in turn require a clear definition of the industries that belong to the bioeconomy, in accordance with the officially established regulatory norms of Ukraine. The branches of the national economy of Ukraine, which according to their parameters are more or less tangential to the bioeconomy, have been identified and their systematization has been carried out taking into account both the national and international classification of types of economic activity.