Функциональная тошнота и рвота у детей

Abstract

The diagnoses «functional nausea» and «functional vomiting» were for the first time described in the structure of paediatric functional digestive disorders in the 2016 Rome IV criteria. The prevalence of functional nausea approximates 0.1–0.5%, functional vomiting – 0.6–1.4%. Functional nausea and vomiting arise from complex interactions between the gastrointestinal tract, the central and autonomic nervous systems. Furthermore, functional nausea is considered in the continuum of gastroparesis and is also associated with an increased mast cell density in the duodenal mucosa. Functional nausea and vomiting are clinical diagnoses that do not require additional testing. Sometimes, recommendations are to examine the nausea profile and the Baxter retching faces scale. No evidence of the efficacy of specific pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods of treating functional nausea and vomiting have been received by now. The use of antidepressants, metoclopramide, ondansetron and other drugs is considered. It is necessary to develop clinical guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of functional nausea and functional vomiting. Key words: functional nausea, functional vomiting, children, Rome IV criteria