ИДЕИ ПРОСОЦИАЛЬНОГО ПОДХОДА К РАЗВИТИЮ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

Abstract

The emergence of new methodological approaches to the organization of activities is due to socio-cultural, economic transformations in the life of society. With regard to the education system and pedagogical activity, the prosocial approach is strengthening its position, aimed at promoting the well-being of the individual, as a metaprinciple that is not yet sufficiently substantiated in modern scientific knowledge. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the main ideas of the prosocial approach to the development of education and pedagogical activity. Research methods are a theoretical analysis, synthesis, generalization, abstraction, concretization of data, publicationsand materials presented on official websites, in open access databases. As a result, the main ideas were identified that consider the prosocial orientation of education and pedagogical activity: 1) as an orientation towards the values of the good and benefit to a person and society (education, professional pedagogical activity are considered in the context of the idea of a teacher's activity for the good, benefit of society, communities, individuals); 2) as a response to the challenges of our time (pedagogical activity, meeting the criterion of social responsibility, is aimed at the future, relies on and takes into account current needs, approved at a specific time and for the future by the state, society, and the world community); 3) as a specific behavior, a way of helping activities (pedagogical actions based on a helping attitude towards the student and aimed at initiating self-help, helping in the adaptation and development of his personality); 4) as a «safe» vector of pedagogical communication, humanization of the environment (dominance of benevolence, friendliness, trust, tolerance, compromise and cooperation). Their characteristics are given. The prospects for the development of the methodology of the prosocial approach as the formation of fairly new scientific constructs – pro-social education and pro-social pedagogy – have been determined. The study has been carried out within the framework of the State Assignment of the National Research University «BelSU» № 0624-2020-0012 «Justification of the integrative methodology of higher professional education: the dominants of the formation of universal competencies, prosocial attitudes and polysubjectivity of a future teacher» for the period 2020-2022