Русская интеллигенция и русская философия рубежа ХIХ-ХХ веков: философия как мировоззрение и идеология

Abstract

The "phenomenon of the intelligentsia" does not have an unambiguous "sociological certainty": the multiplicity of heterogeneous "criteria" provokes resorting to the "constructivist approach" of defining "community" – "without groups, identities", outside of "categorical unity" (R. Brubaker); in this case, the origin and genesis take on "relevance" and the study of the "nature" of the Russian intelligentsia of the turn of the 19th-20th centuries seems to be "necessary". The philosophical interpretation of the "phenomenon of the Russian intelligentsia" seems to be a significant prerequisite for understanding the "phenomenon of the intelligentsia" in this connection. The "first step" in the study of this problem is the analysis of the "intellectual worldview"; the article proves that the subject here is Russian philosophy of the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries, which must be "realized" in the form of, first of all, a "whole worldview": the article indicates the reasons for the named "state of affairs". The philosophical interpretation of the "phenomenon of the intelligentsia" on the basis of the analysis of the "worldview" leads to the conclusion about its "sectarian nature" and "hereticity" (S. N. Bulgakov) of its "philosophical self-consciousness"; it is a "characteristic feature" of the "phenomenon of the intelligentsia" of "as such".