한려해상국립공원 거제⋅해금강 지구에 도래하는 아비과(Gaviidae) 조류 도래현황 및 해양환경인자 상관성 분석

Abstract

The habitat of Gaviidae off the coast of Geoje Island is the only large-scale wintering site for Gaviidae in Korea and is located in the Geoje and Haegeumgang districts of Hallyeohaesang National Park. It is known that from December to April of the following year, more than 1,000 to 2,000 individuals regularly overwinter along the coast of Geoje Island. The Cultural Heritage Administration has designated and protected the Gaviidae habitat along the coast of Geoje Island as Natural Monument No. 227. The first arrival was recorded in mid-December of the previous year (2018), and the population surged in early March, and the maximum number (1,027 indiv.) was recorded in early April. In 2020, it first arrived in early January of the year, and the maximum number (1,174 indiv.) was shown in early April. In 2021, it first arrived in mid-January, and the maximum number (825 indiv.) was recorded in early April. Since the Gaviidae clustered in the maximum number of individuals return to their habitat, correlation analysis was conducted with marine environmental factors from the first arrival to the range of the period when the maximum number appeared. In 2019, water temperature showed a significant correlation, in 2020, salinity and temperature, and in 2021, there was no significant value. As a result of analyzing three years of data, water temperature, air temperature, and wind speed showed significant correlations. In 2019 and 2021, the significance of the entire regression equation could not be determined, and in 2020, salinity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen in the order of significance level. The overall regression result for the three-year data collection showed high significance, but it did not show a significant value in the analysis by marine environmental factors. As a result of analyzing the dispersion homogeneity of the maximum population recorded in February and April and marine environmental factors, it can be said that water temperature, salinity, pH, and chlorophyll-a all had significant variance differences from the maximum population.