Роль курения, избыточной массы тела, генов СFH (rs1061170) и ARMS2 (rs10490924) у пациентов с сухой формой возрастной макулярной дегенерацией

Abstract

Purpose. To evaluate the role of smoking, excess body weight, CFH and ARMS 2 gene polymorphisms in patients with the dry form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Material and мethods. There were selected seventy-five people (150 eyes) with overweight or obesity. They were checked for having a smoking habit. Their body mass index, and CFH and ARMS2 gene polymorphisms were determined. Patients underwent standard eye exam and retinal electrophysiological examination (EPI). Results. All patients were divided into two groups: overweight smokers and nonsmokers. The group of nonsmokers was significantly younger. Molecular genetic testing revealed more patients with low-risk AMD genotypes in the nonsmoking group and more patients with moderate-risk genotypes in the smoking group. Examination of the fundus showed that smokers in most cases have retinal changes typical for “AREDS category 2,3,4”; nonsmokers in most cases have “AREDS category 1” including normal retina. Thus, corrected visual acuity, static computer perimetry and EPI values were lower in the group of overweight smokers. Conclusion. The study results in the group of overweight patients who smoked were significantly lower because this group included patients with more severe stages of AMD with high-risk genotypes of the genes studied. Thus, smoking, overweight, SFH (rs1061170) and ARMS2 (rs10490924) polymorphisms may also be related to the risk of development and possibly progression of АMD. Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, smoking, overweight, СFH, ARMS2.