Оценка перспективности интродукции каштана конского обыкновенного (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) в условиях г. Вологды

Abstract

The increase in the number of cities of modern Russia makes new demands to the organization of green spaces. Important species able to withstand high anthropogenic load while maintaining its decorative qualities. In the landscaping of the Northern cities occupy a special place plants, which are exotic in appearance and usually have a high resistance to the built environment. One such species is the Aesculus hippocastanum L. In a comprehensive assessment of this species in urban conditions of the city of Vologda were made assessment of the prospects for further introduction it in the European North. The Aesculus hippocastanum L. is a full cycle of seasonal development. Beginning of the vegetation observed in the first decade of may. In the third decade of may — first decade of June it is observed abundant flowering annual. In the city of Vologda, Aesculus hippocastanum L. is a moderately frosted over (not more than 30 % of the length of annual shoots). Mostly, the frosting is due to the fact that the plant finishes late in the growing season and at the onset of negative temperatures do not have time to travelnet shoots. The species produces viable seeds of high quality. Laboratory seed germination is 64 %, while above ground the germination — 92 %. This allows germination to seed reproduction of better adapted individuals in subsequent generations. The degree of decoration of Aesculus hippocastanum L. high. The flowers form large racemes, which stand on the branches vertically upwards and exude a pleasant aroma. The fruit also have an attractive look. The vital condition is assessed as healthy in 73 % of the trees. The range of indicators the promise of the Aesculus hippocastanum L. is estimated at 78 points, which characterizes it as a kind of perspective.