Організація уроків фізичної культури для учнів 5-6 класів підготовчої медичної групи з використанням рухових завдань гімнастичного характеру

Abstract

In the article, the author analyzes the problems related to the scientific substantiation of methods for optimizing the physical activity of students who are in good health in the preparatory medical group, at physical education classes. Pupils who are part of a preparatory medical group attend compulsory physical education classes and master the study material in accordance with the requirements of the curriculum. Such students are recommended a gradual increase in physical activity without passing the educational standards and additional classes in general physical training groups. However, in practice, this means that the load on physical education lessons, designed for students of the main medical group, is not always optimized for students of the preparatory medical group, who are engaged together in the classroom form of classes.The aim of the study was to develop and scientifically substantiate the methodology of constructing physical education lessons for 5–6 formers of the preparatory medical group on the basis of motor tasks (MT) of gymnastic type. The technology of building a physical education lesson in the form of a dynamic process of structuring the primary elements ‒ motor (educational, training) tasks into larger fragments and components of the educational process is presented. The use of motor tasks with known functional effects significantly increases the effectiveness of physical education lessons in secondary educational institution. In the study in the analysis of MT as a target criterion were accepted indicators of heart rate (HR), which characterize the functional impact of standard MT. The study involved students in grades 5–6 of the preparatory medical group, who studied gymnastic exercises according to current programs in physical education classes. The total number of children was 52 people. The research results indicate that exercises that have a different structure can cause a typical pulse response and be characterized by the same pulse voltage. Thus, in tasks the minimum ordinariness and standardization in repetitions of exercise ‒ number of times, intervals of rest, intensity of functional shifts, for example, performance of kinds of racks on a gymnastic bench constructed in the form of MT, cause 10 % increase in HR is noted. The specifics of training in gymnastics shows that the combination of elements in the ligaments and combinations leads to the technical complexity of the movements, which, in turn, affects the complexity of MT and increase their pulse value. The practical significance of the results is that the use of methods of building physical education lessons for students of the preparatory medical group in grades 5–6 on the basis of standard MT provides an expressive health effect, which is revealed in increasing physical condition of students, the level of physical performance and students’ health increases. The obtained results can be used in the practice of general secondary educational institutions, including students of other age categories, in the process of training students majoring in 014 Secondary Education. Physical culture, in advanced training courses for physical education teachers.