СТРУКТУРА ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ СОРТА МОСКОВСКАЯ 39 В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ВНЕКОРНЕВОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ БИО- И ГУМИНОВЫМИ ПРЕПАРАТАМИ

Abstract

As a result of the research, the influence of biological products recommended for foliar fertilization of crops on winter wheat productivity structure in the conditions of the Republic of Mordovia was revealed. Comparison of the effectiveness of different treatment times of plants is made. The appropriate combination of application time and biological product type has been established, which has a positive effect on winter wheat productivity structure. Appropriately selected elements of cultivation technology play a significant role in increasing crop yields. Research shows that growth stimulators have a positive effect on crops, increasing their yield and grain quality. On average, over the years of our research, the maximum yield of Moskovskaya 39 winter wheat variety in OOO “Lunga” was observed on the variant with two-fold treatment of plants with Potassium Humate in autumn and spring. The increase in comparison with the control variant (without treatments with biological products) was 1.1 t / ha. All products under study significantly increased winter wheat grain yield from 11.6 to 42.6%, but this also depended on the treatment time. The maximum yield parametres were observed on the variants where the crops were double-treated: in autumn and spring. A smaller increase was noted on the variant with spring treatment of crops. In comparison with the control, the number of survived plants by the harvesting time increased by 5.8–10.4% (by 15–27 pcs / m2) under the influence of bio- and humic products; the total number of stems - by 11–74 pcs / m2 or 2.4–16.0%; the number of productive stems - by 20–85 pcs / m2 or 5.5–23.4%. The number of grains per spike in the variants treated with biological products significantly changed in comparison with the control by 1–2 pcs. The change of 1000 grain mass was 36.3–38.2 g. The smallest value was observed on the control variant, the largest - on the variant with double treatment of crops in autumn and spring with the biological product albite.