Эффективность припосевного внесения разных доз КАС-32, сульфата аммония и диаммофоски при возделывании льна масличного в умеренно-засушливой колочной степи

Abstract

The farming enterprise AO Orbita annually cultivates linseed flax on an area of more than 8 thousand hectares. The areas under crop are located in the zone of temperate-ly arid steppe where resource-saving cropping technolo-gies with direct sowing and fertilization are used. The pre-vailing soils of the arable lands are leached chernozems with low nitrogen supply, increased phosphorus and high exchange potassium. To obtain a seed yield of 2.0 t ha or more, it is necessary to optimize flax nutrition during the first month of its growth. The best fertilizers for small-seeded flax are liquid nitrogen fertilizers and, first of all, urea-ammonia liquor KAS-32containing three forms of nitrogen. However, such experiments are rare in the Re-gion. This paper presents the results of the action of at sowing application of different KAS-32rates with ammoni-um sulfate dissolved init and compound NPK fertilizerDi-ammophoska by using a converted seeder. It was found that under arid conditions (the hydrothermal index over the growing season varied from 0 to 0.6 at 0.74-0.91 normal), fertilizer application contributed to greater crop density, boll formation and the formation of seed yield by 0.06-0.8 t ha above the control. The increase made 4.2-55.9%, the pro-tein content increased to 17.04-20.16% with a protein yield of 0.257-0.412 t ha as compared to 0.24 in the control; the oil content increased to 50.2-52.2% and oil yield –to 0.784-1.128 t ha as compared to 0.736 in the control. The highest indices of yield and seed quality were obtained when 50 kg ha of KAS-32 and ammonium sulfate were applied with 80 kg ha of Diammophoska compound NPK fertilizer.