Abstract
The article is devoted to identifying the main trends in understanding totalitarian culture in national cinema during the collapse of the USSR. The relevance of the study is due to an appeal to one of the most controversialperiods of the Soviet culture — 1930-1940, which is still ambiguously evaluated in scientific research. The relevance of the study is also associated with an appeal to the equally controversial period of the collapse of the USSR, which is characterized by a crisis in worldview, a reassessment of historical events and characters of the Soviet culture. As the empirical material, landmark films of the 1980-1990s are presented, which represent certain stages and vectors of rethinking the culture of totalitarianism: «Repentance» by T. Abuladze and «Burnt by the Sun» by N. Mikhalkov. The author of the article proposes a comprehensive cultural methodology for analyzing the subject of the study: within the framework of the semiotic paradigm of the study, the binary opposition «power/people» was built and analyzed, and the construction of ternary oppositions was also considered. The study updated the mechanisms for the formation of cultural memory, namely post-memory and counter-memory, which allow us to analyze the evolution and transformation in understanding totalitarian culture in national cinema. The article presents a multidimensional analysis, including an appeal to the plot, character system and symbolism of films, which allows you to consider the tendencies of understanding totalitarian culture proposed by the directors, as well as note the features of the culture of the collapse of the USSR. During the analysis, the author concludes that in domestic cinema of the 1980s-1990s understanding of totalitarian culture takes place in the process of building binary and then ternary oppositions. The binary opposition «power/people» remains unchanged, and the ternary opposition is represented by various components: in the film «Repentance» the opposition «power/people/creative personality» appears, thanks to which the system of values of totalitarian culture is reassessed. In the movie «Burnt by the Sun», the opposition «power/intelligentsia/people» is formed, which turns out to be imaginary, the opposition «power/enemy of the people/people» is transformed, which emphasizes relativity and ambivalence of the images of the hero and enemy in the culture of totalitarianism
Published Version
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