КОНТРОЛЬ ГЕНЕТИЧНО МОДИФІКОВАНИХ РОСЛИН – ГАРАНТІЯ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

Abstract

One of the problems in formation of mechanisms of development of environmentally safe environment is the proliferation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The use of genetic engineering in agriculture, food and agricultural industry have created the new opportunities for manufacturing the food and feed for meet the ever growing needs of the world's population. However, the opinions of scientists about the benefits and risks of genetic engineering is different. So today is particularly acute issue unpredictable consequences and danger for human health and the environment which are connected with GMO.The article present the results of determination of genetically modified organisms in plant material for the period 2013 – 2015 years, from the farms of different ownership forms. Analysis of the conducted research indicates on the circulation in farms of Lviv region transgenic plants.Found that the most common genetically modified plants were maize, soya and rape. The research of plant material on the presence of GMOs was performed by polymerase chain reaction in real time (PCR RF) by setting in them target sequences of promoter 35S virus of cauliflower mosaic (CaMV), promoter of FMV and (or) terminator NOS (T–NOS) T1 plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pat, EPSPS, Cry 3A, and determined species identification of positive samples. The use of PCR–RF allows quickly and qualitatively detect the GMO in the research samples. In 2013, the percentage of positive samples was 3.9% of the total, in 2014 – 2.3% and in 2015 – 3.3%. It is therefore necessary to monitor the vegetable raw and seed material on the presence of genetically modified organisms, to monitor the situation on GMO in Ukraine, because the problem of biosafety and the evaluation of the potential risks from their use is not studied.