Об интегральном подходе при использовании метода коллокации

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The article describes a matrix method of polynomial Chebyshev approximation using an integral approach to construct a solution to a nonhomogeneous fourth-order differential equation with mixed boundary conditions of the first kind. The proposed method is based on the expansion of the fourth-order derivative of the desired function into a series in terms of Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind and the representation of the partial sum of this series as a product of matrices whose elements are, respectively, the Chebyshev polynomials and the coefficients in this expansion. In this paper, using analytical formulas for calculating integrals of Chebyshev polynomials, we obtain a representation of the desired function in terms of the product of the matrices defined above. The use of points of extrema and zeros of Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind as nodes, as well as the properties of the sums of products of Chebyshev polynomials at these points, made it possible to reduce the boundary value problem by the collocation method to a system of inhomogeneous linear algebraic equations with a sparse matrix of this system. It is shown that the solution constructed in this way satisfies the differential equation at all nodes, including the boundary ones, in contrast to the approximate solution obtained by approximating the exact solution in the form of a finite sum of the Chebyshev series. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by considering a boundary value problem with a known analytical solution. The convergence analysis of the constructed solution is carried out.