ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СРЕДСТВ ЗАЩИТЫ РАСТЕНИЙ

Abstract

Within the “From Field to Counter” Strategy framework, the European Parliament calls for a review of the procedure for the admission of plant protection products (PPP) in the EU. The aim is to strengthen control over the PPP use and reduce their use. The development of energy- and resource-saving agrochemical technologies for the PPP use implies designing monodisperse spray devices for specific chemicals, specifying their consumption rates per unit area, and selecting compatible spray equipment and relevant agricultural technologies. The elaboration of spray technology requires a fundamentally new approach to its testing and determining the dispersed composition of spray droplets. To elaborate an innovative methodology for optimizing the operation of spraying devices based on the dispersive analysis of spray droplets, the authors have developed and manufactured a test bench that provides a representative aerosol sampling. Express analyzers of spraying quality have been developed, made in the form of cards with dimensions 90 by 40 mm or tape 40 mm wide and 3 m long, impregnated with a solution of potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) at a concentration of 5…7%. A computer program has been made for counting and ranking spray drops in a real-time mode. The article presents study results on the optimization of several parameters: the consumption rates of the products and the hydraulic medium, the density (concentration) of the power fluid droplets on the surface of the treatment object, the dispersed composition of the spray droplets (the droplet size, the degree of productivity polydispersity and the possibility of adjusting the technological process parameters). The developed experimental complex and the technology of experimental testing of spraying devices will facilitate comparative tests of spraying devices.