Abstract
Analysis of the results of carried out investigations of mantle modules in kimberlite diatremes of main diamondiferous regions of the Siberian platform was made. Morphology and chemistry of garnets, chrome-diopsides, clinopyroxenes, picroilmenites, chromites and chrome-spinellids were investigated. Generally, the quantity of diamond association minerals is proportional to diamondiferousness of certain type of kimberlite rocks composing pipes. Both comprehensive investigation of kimberlites and study of diamond itself are very important, as diamond is a mineral with a broad complex of physical-chemical and crystal-morphological features, reflecting peculiarity of thermodynamic and geochemical conditions of their formation, which can be used as the typomorphic characteristics. Detailed complex investigations of diamond and its paragenetic accessory minerals allow establishing material-indicative parameters of kimberlite magmatism of various productivity and geologicstructural position of kimberlite bodies, and address issues about primary sources of placer diamonds, as well. The presence in kimberlites of definite groups of depth xenoliths and xeno-grains of their minerals, chemical and geochemical composition of kimberlites allowed formulating a concept about properties of upper mantle formations, which are the source of magma for each of distinguished type of kimberlites. The existing point of view that bedding depth of magma chambers roots is the reason of differing productivity of kimberlites is confirmed. As a rule, the roots of commercially productive kimberlites occur at a greater depth than of low productive. Upgrading the line of research on creation of more efficient ore processing flowsheets and providing crystalintegrity technologies, expansion of diamond application areas with consideration of their real structure and physical features, as well as revelation of natural targets with increased quality of diamond raw material, are all related with investigation of primary indicator minerals of kimberlites.
Published Version
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