Abstract
Objectives This study compares and analyzes the interaction elements of non-programming IVR authoring tools and suggests tools that are appropriate for developing immersive virtual reality (IVR) content to help instructors who want to develop their own IVR content choose authoring tools. Methods In this study, we selected Cospaces Edu, Roblox, CenarioVR, and Mozilla Hubs, which are being used in IVR-contents development research in education field, and analyzed the interaction elements that can be utilized without programming, and connected them to the five IVR content types (Activity-based, Discovery, Presentation, Experiential, and Collaborative) Results The four non-programming authoring tools were analyzed according to a total of nine interaction elements, and representative interaction elements for each tool were identified. Cospaces Edu was suitable for Activity-based and Experiential contents, Roblox and Mozilla Hubs for Experiential, Discovery, Collaborative contents, and CenarioVR for Discovery and Presentation content development. Conclusions The results of the study provided criteria for instructors who are not experts in programming but want to develop IVR-enabled educational content in the future so that they can choose the appropriate non-programming authoring tool based on the type of IVR content they want to apply.
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