Междисциплинарный подход к диагностике и лечению остеомиелита

Abstract

Today, large-scale studies of various aspects of osteomyelitis and the search for new methods of treatment did not prevent us from failure to achieve infection eradication in a big part of osteomyelitis patients. Often, we are not able to fully restore the function of the affected part of the body. A special problem of recent decades is implant-associated osteomyelitis since the number of hardware implanted by trauma and orthopedic surgeons continues to rise every year, and the frequency of postoperative infectious complications does not decrease despite all efforts to prevent them. The social significance of osteomyelitis is difficult to overestimate. This is not only a large cost to the health system for the treatment of patients, but also a decrease in the quality and life expectancy of patients. Perhaps our failures in the treatment of osteomyelitis are due to our incomplete understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease and the inconsistency of interdisciplinary interaction. This lecture summarizes the current understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of osteomyelitis, the most popular classifications of the disease both in terms of age and etiology, the route of infection into the bone, the clinical course, the anatomical type of bone damage and the physiological class of patients.