ВОПРОСЫ МИНЕРАЛЬНОГО ПИТАНИЯ ГОРОХА В РСО – АЛАНИЯ

Abstract

The article considers the effect of various doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the formation and activity of the symbiotic apparatus of peas. It is revealed that application of fertilizers P60K40 normalized to growth of a harvest of dry biomass of plants of peas of a grade Phoenix on 0.52 t/hectare, and additional introduction of N30 nitrogen - on 0.66 t/hectare. The maximum yield of dry matter (9.22 tons/ha) was noted when using full mineral fertilizer - N60P60K40. Studies have found that the content of nutrients in the soil available to plants before laying the experience was quite low. By the phase of branching on the backgrounds using fertilizers, a noticeable increase in the content of mobile nitrogen was observed, especially on versions with N60P60K40, then it decreased (2.12-4.78 mg/kg of soil) and again increased only at the time of harvesting (9.03-12.14 mg/kg of soil). This is due to the fact that at the beginning of vegetation, the need of pea plants for nitrogen is minimal, then, as it grows and develops, nitrogen is absorbed in large sizes. It was revealed that the dynamics of ammonium were characterized by a high content of it to the butonization phase, and then a decrease by the beginning of grain filling. By the end of the growing season, the ammonium content increased again. The amount of phosphorus and potassium increases and reaches a maximum by the beginning of seed filling, then before harvesting there is a tendency to decrease their content, due to a significant increase in the consumption of these elements by plants.