Компрессионный стеноз чревного ствола в практике педиатра

Abstract

The purpose — to analyze the Russian and foreign scientific literature on the features of compression stenosis of the abdominal trunk (CSAT) in the practice of a pediatrician, to conduct a clinical and laboratory examination of patients with chronic abdominal ischemia syndrome. Material and methods. This study included: group A (control) — 47 children without impaired blood flow in the abdominal trunk, group B (clinical) — 75 patients with chronic abdominal ischemia syndrome. The groups were comparable by the patients’ age and gender, which ensured the comparability of the data obtained. All children included in the study underwent ultrasound scanning of the abdominal trunk in triplex mode: two-dimensional image combined with color Doppler mapping and spectral Dopplerography mode. In 30 patients with CSAT, the changes detected during the USDG of the abdominal trunk were compared with the data of computed tomography in angioregime with intravenous administration of a contrast agent (ultravist 350). The images obtained underwent a 3D reconstruction. The procedure was performed on a Siemens Somatom 16 and GE Revolution EVO tomography devices. The processing was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 software. The critical level of significance when testing statistical hypotheses was p < 0.05. Results. Statistically significant differences in the frequency of pain were revealed between the examined groups. It was found that pain in children increased after eating and physical activity (mainly sports), as well as in stressful situations (21.33% of patients). In a clinical examination of patients with CSAT, a body weight deficiency was detected in 42.67% of cases, whereas in the control group it was observed only in 14.89% of children, i.e. significantly less frequently (p < 0.05). Conclusions. One of the causes of abdominal pain in children and adolescents is CSAT; this should be taken into account during the differential diagnostics and treatment with the most effective means.