Abstract
Introduction. In recent years, issues of analyzing the mechanisms of formation of nanoparticles in rock mass have become increasingly relevant. It is necessary to take into account that nanoparticles have a fundamentally different genesis: they can be nanoparticles formed in various minerals, or formed in subsequent stages, through chemical synthesis and self-grinding. Research methods and materials. The main method for studying zircon grains is the use of scanning ion imaging of zircon, which allows one to detect the presence of lead-rich clots and, together with computed tomography data, confirm their size of tens of nanometers. Research results. The article briefly presents the morphology of the mechanism of formation of natural nano-sized particles formed due to the friction of rocks among themselves and the geometric destruction of their individual varieties, which are ubiquitous, global in nature. It has been determined that the variety of structures of nanoparticles with their corresponding properties of the minerals in question has begun to find wide application in industry. It has been established that, based on this trend in technological development, it is important to study the structure of nanoparticles in order to obtain them artificially without spending resources on their extraction in the natural environment. The mechanism of formation of gold nanoparticles in river waters and the presence of nanoparticles of various metals in them are sho wn. Discussion of research results. Through observations during analysis of crystallographic studies, it was established that spherical iron nanoparticles have the greatest magnetic saturation. Conclusion. It has been established that iron nanoparticles have a chemical and biological mechanism of formation, i.e. almost biosphere genesis. Conclusions on the article. Various types of nanoparticles found in rocks are considered and various mechanisms of their formation in the lithosphere are revealed. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. Future research is needed to prevent landslides in the Shatoi region in the village of Gush-kert in the Chechen Republic.
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