Паремиологические единицы в общеязыковой национальной картине мира

Abstract

The study is devoted to understanding the semantics of proverbs in the works of the famous Kyrgyz writer Chingiz Aitmatov. It is substantiated that a proverb is a special statement with the help of which stereotyped assessments and recommendations are formed regarding typical life situations in the language, since proverbs express the basic mental attitudes of ethno-linguistic consciousness. The structure of paremiological units includes various types of lexical units that act either in their direct meaning, or lose their lexical meaning and are used in a figurative sense, but in either case they participate in the formation of a paremiological picture of the world as a fragment of the general language national picture of the world. It has been established that the national specificity of the semantics of proverbs is reflected in the presence in their structure of nominations of cultural realities, attitudes of spiritual and moral values and ethical normative stereotypes. It is proved that the nature of paremias with a secondary linguistic function forms the paremiological fund of the language, which is a valuable object for linguistic and cultural research for two reasons: firstly, paremia as a linguistic sign is capable of realizing the functions of both language and culture; secondly, proverbs are an integral part of the general language national picture of the world.