Abstract

본 연구에서는 키토메이트, 다이균, IC-66D, 골드보르도, 바이오스팟 등 5종의 친환경농자재의 포도 주요 균류병 병원균 7가지에 대한 생장억제 효과를 검정하였다. 병원균의 생장억제 효과는 친환경농자재 별로 차이를 보였는데, 천연 식물추출물성분인 다이균의 생장억제 효과가 가장 우수하였다. 다이균은 <TEX>$2,500{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$</TEX>을 포함한 PDA 배지에서 C. gloeosporioides 04-159를 제외한 병원균의 균사생장을 75% 이상 억제하였다. 키토메이트의 생장억제 효과는 병원균에 따라 큰 차이가 있었는데 <TEX>$40,000{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$</TEX>을 함유한 PDA 배지에서 B. cinerea 06-063의 균사생장을 81.1% 억제한 반면에 탄저병균인 C. gloeosporioides 04-159는 6.5% 균사 생장억제율을 보였다. 두 가지 보르도액 제제인 IC-66D와 골드보르도의 생장억제 효과는 흰얼룩 증상의 원인균인 Acremonium sp.을 제외하고 IC-66D가 골드보르도보다 약간 높았다. 바이오스팟은 다이균 다음으로 생장억제 효과가 높았는데 특히 탄저병균인 C. gloeosporioides 04-159에 대해서는 사용한 농자재 중에서 가장 높았다. 키토메이트, 바이오스팟, 골드보르도의 갈색무의병 포자 발아억제율은 같은 농도에서의 균사 생장억제율보다 월등히 높았다. 본 실험은 포도 친환경적병 방제를 위해서는 한 가지 친환경농자재를 사용할 것이 아니라 여러 가지 제제를 다양하게 사용할 것을 제안한다. Five environment-friendly farm materials including <TEX>$Chitomate^{(R)}$</TEX>, <TEX>$Diegyun^{(R)}$</TEX>, IC-<TEX>$66D^{(R)}$</TEX>, Gold <TEX>$Bordo^{(R)}$</TEX>, and <TEX>$Biospot^{(R)}$</TEX> were examined for their growth inhibition effect of the 7 fungal pathogens of grape in vitro. <TEX>$Diegyun^{(R)}$</TEX>, being composed of natural ingredients which are extracted from a plant, was the most effective in suppression of mycelial growth of the fungi. <TEX>$Diegyun^{(R)}$</TEX> inhibited the mycelial growth of all of fungi over 75% at <TEX>$2,500{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$</TEX> on potato dextrose agar(PDA) except Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 04-159. Growth inhibition effect of <TEX>$Chitomate^{(R)}$</TEX>, being composed of the chitosan, varied depending on the fungal pathogens on PDA. It inhibited the mycelial growth of the Botrytis cinerea 06-063 at the rate of 75.8% at <TEX>$40,000{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$</TEX> on PDA while it inhibited the mycelial growth of the C. gloeosporioides 04-159 at the rate of 6.5%. IC-<TEX>$66D^{(R)}$</TEX> and Gold <TEX>$Bordo^{(R)}$</TEX> are two different formula of the Bordeaux mixture, showed different control effects on mycelial growth inhibition. Except of Acremonium sp. the growth inhibition of IC-<TEX>$66D^{(R)}$</TEX> was a little higher than Gold <TEX>$Bordo^{(R)}$</TEX>. <TEX>$Biospot^{(R)}$</TEX>, a chlorine formula, showed the strongest growth inhibition on C. gloeosporioides 04-159 among the farm materials used. Inhibition of spore germination of <TEX>$Chitomate^{(R)}$</TEX>, <TEX>$Biospot^{(R)}$</TEX> and Gold <TEX>$Bordo^{(R)}$</TEX> was higher than mycelial growth inhibition for Pseudocercospora vitis 04-152. The results suggest that the different types of environment-friendly farm materials are needed for different disease control in organic grape farm.

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