Abstract
For decades, prediction technique of hydrodynamic interaction between two ships in close proximity has been developed. This paper suggests the standardized distances of safe passing considering ship-to-ship interaction. In order to validate the accuracy of interaction technique of ship handling simulator, error analysis for the representative five models is conducted by comparing the calculation results of theoretical method and simulation method. With the verified ship handling simulator, simulations are widely performed to obtain interaction forces for the several major factors under three forms of hydrodynamic interaction. Using the theoretical calculation of course-keeping rudder angles, safe distances based on the panamax container ship facing various targets are researched by considering the influencing factors such as ship
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