ҚАЗАҚСТАН РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫНДА ШАРУАШЫЛЫҚ ЖҮРГІЗУДІҢ ШАҒЫН НЫСАНДАРЫН ДАМЫТУ

A country's food security is one of the most important elements of the national security system. The main task of economic entities involved in the country's agro-industrial complex is the production and sale of high-quality food products in quantities necessary to maintain a decent standard of living for the population. It is concluded that the agro-industrial complex (AIC) is the main factor determining the country's food security level. The research focuses on identifying the direction of development of the agro-industrial complex as a factor in ensuring food security. The study proposes measures that will increase the efficiency of the agro-industrial complex and, thereby, strengthen the country's food security. The article examines one of the most important components of the state's social function: food policy. The current food security situation is currently under review. The main threats and risks associated with ensuring food security were examined. Food security can be achieved if the effects of negative factors that create threats and risks that limit the physical and economic availability of food products are eliminated. In most developed countries, food security is considered an important part of national security. Its achievement (or existence) characterizes not only the economic, but also the political independence of the existing socio-economic system, the ability to safeguard the interests of citizens without jeopardizing national security. At the international level, the problem of ensuring food security is an important and stabilizing factor in ensuring the stability of the world order system. Under its influence, certain political decisions are developed and adopted, and it is often associated with the economies, systems and levels of development of countries with significantly higher levels of food security. Food security is a complex, multi-component phenomenon with multiple characteristics and therefore quite difficult to identify. The generic features of food security are the state of protection of the vital interests of an individual, society, and the state from internal and external threats and the ability to withstand them without losing their own qualitative characteristics. As for food security itself, numerous domestic sources contain quite contradictory interpretations of this category, focusing on one or another of its attributive features, which in turn acts as the main criterion for food security. It should be noted that food security of a region is formed and functions on the basis of the same objective laws as food security of a country and the world as a whole. However, taking into account regional characteristics is an integral necessity because: firstly, one can talk about food security of a state only when food supply of all regions without exception is achieved; secondly, the significant territory of the country and the diversity of natural and climatic conditions of the regions, which requires taking into account the potential of the regions and their specialization; thirdly, significant differentiation of regions, which characterizes a territory that, in terms of the totality of its elements, differs from other territories and is characterized by unity, interconnectedness of components and integrity. Food security of the region is such a state of the regional economy in which the volume of economically efficient production of high-quality food in the region, due to its rational distribution, ensures physical and economic availability of consumption for the population of the region and guarantees the quality and safety of food. Keywords: food security, food independence, physical and economic accessibility of food, indicators and risks of food security, technological sovereignty.

Financial factors are crucial for the development of small and medium-sized businesses. The article dwells on the issue of the effectiveness of regional financial support for small and medium-sized businesses implemented in the form of preferential lending, and it also discusses “failures” that generate problems in the implementation of this support. The research object is Rostov region. The authors prove that it is difficult for small and medium-sized businesses to obtain a loan on normal terms due to instability of financial flows. As a result of the analysis, the authors reveal that the volume of lending to small businesses in Rostov region is steadily declining. The decrease in demand for loans from small businesses is connected with high interest rates on bank loans. The article emphasizes that concessional lending can solve the problem through the encouragement of business development in priority areas for the region. The correlation analysis is carried out on the basis of comparing the main indicators of the regional subprogram “Development of small and medium-sized businesses in Rostov region” and indicators of social and economic development of the region. According to the results of the analysis, there is an increase in the number of economic entities in the section of small and medium-sized businesses due to unemployment reduction in the region. However, this quantitative dependence in Rostov region is functionally unstable and probabilistic. At the same time, inefficient organizational and methodological activities of the state in supporting small and medium-sized enterprises have lead to the emergence of “failures” that generate the problem not of the lack of financial resources but of their low demand.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop quality innovation techniques specialized for the small and medium-sized businesses. which account for the majority of Korean companies, were having a hard time utilizing the widely recognized quality innovation techniques due to resource constraints. Methods: First, we do review the existing Single PPM and 6 Sigma. And investigate the utilization of these methods including Toyota Production System. Second, we devised a four-step problem-solving methodology based on recent trends in quality innovation such as Simple, Speedy, and Smart. Third, we do survey on frequently used tools for quality innovation. Many opinion leaders including quality consultants and professors answered and gave us valuable comments about our selected quality tools. Finally, we do specify and map tools to each step of PASS. Results: In 2017, 167 companies participated in the quality innovation support business for small businesses according to the Korea Chamber of Commerce & Industry. We conducted performance checks on 167 companies that had completed the “PASS” projects. For the purpose of evaluating improvement performance, the survey was carried out using a structured questionnaire during the field visit of these companies mentioned above. For the reference, 165 out of 167 companies (98.8 % response rate) responded to the questionnaire and conducted performance analysis based on it. According to the survey, 97.6 percent of the respondents were very satisfied with their overall satisfaction with the quality innovation support projects for small and medium sized enterprises in 2017. Also, 93.3 % of the respondents were satisfied with the results of level of the target achievement. As a result, 160 companies (97.0 % of the participating companies) hope to partic ipate in the quality improvement project using “PASS” once again. Conclusion: In this paper, we introduce the new quality innovation methodology, which is named as ‘PASS’, It could support the long-range business plan of the small and medium-sized businesses to achieve total customer satisfaction resulting in increased market share and improved profit margin. The most small companies can use this “PASS” technique more easily, quickly and most efficiently than their existing known quality innovation techniques such as Six Sigma and Single PPM, etc.

One of the key mechanisms of state support for the agricultural sector is concessional lending. In the history of post-Soviet Russia, preferential agricultural credit has evolved from quasi-market forms of subsidized support for the industry into a classic bank loan with interest bonification. Therefore, the identification of problems typical of modern mechanism of concessional lending in the agro-industrial complex is impossible outside the historical context and the general logic of its development, which determines the relevance and purpose of the study. The tasks of the study are as follows: systematization of forms and methods of concessional lending in the agro-industrial complex in the content and chronological taxonomy; identification of modern problems of the mechanism of concessional lending and measures for their solution. The article shows that two main stages can be distinguished in the evolution of concessional lending in the agro-industrial complex. The first stage (1992–2000) was characterized by the preservation of approaches typical of a centralized economy, which led to the actual substitution of credit relations with implicit forms of budgetary financing of the industry. At the second stage (from 2000 to the present), the main form of credit relief for farmers was the subsidization of interest rates for borrowers, and later for lenders. However, despite the fact that the main problems were solved and the market moved to purely market support instruments, the preferential loan still have many problems, the main of which are the duration and complexity of the procedure, the lack of differentiation of requirements for borrowers, absence of seasonality understanding and operational specifics of agriculture, limited areas for the use of allocated funds, insufficient budget financing. The mentioned problems of preferential loans in the agro-industrial complex are the basis for further research in the field of its modernization and development.

Abstract. The socio-economic development of regions depends on the state and level of development of its industries, among which dynamically developing ones play an important role. Acting as development poles, such industries are able to spread the growth effect throughout the region by concentrating production in growth points. The purpose of the study is to deepen the theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation of growth points in the region’s agro-industrial complex in the context of ensuring its sustainable development. The work used such research methods as statistical and system analysis, generalization and synthesis, monographic, abstract-logical. Scientific novelty. Research to identify and analyze trends in the development of Crimean agriculture has received further development. The stages and methodology for identifying growth points are proposed, taking into account regional characteristics. Results. The need to identify and activate growth points in the region’s agro-industrial complex to identify priority sectors is substantiated. The role of the theory of development poles and growth points in the formation of targeted programs and strategies for the development of the region is shown. Current directions and mechanisms for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Crimea are presented, which, being a driver of innovations and cluster development, can become the basis for identifying its growth points. Measures are proposed to enhance the action of tools for the development of growth points, as well as an algorithm for their step-by-step identification. To assess the readiness of potential growth points for digital transformation within the framework of the emerging cluster formation of the agro-industrial complex of the region, a comprehensive model is proposed that reflects key business processes and their readiness for automation as the starting stage of digital transformation. The practical significance of the study lies in the analysis and systematization of parameters and indicators in accordance with the stages of identifying growth points. This systematization will allow us to develop a roadmap for identifying growth points, which will identify sources (statistical, scientific, regulatory and other) data, a complete sequence of calculations and actions, which will be presented in further research by the authors.

The problem of preserving and increasing soil fertility is becoming increasingly important due to the sharp deterioration of their condition, increasing degradation. The further development of agriculture in the republic is determined by the improvement of its structure, the wider use of innovative resource-saving technologies and integrated reclamation systems. Purpose – the article deals with the use of agricultural land, taking into account irrigation systems in the Turkestan region. Methods – statistical processing to obtain quantitative and effective indicators, as well as comparative analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach. Results – obtaining the main indicators made it possible to carry out calculations to determine technical and economic indicators that identify the strengths and weaknesses of the development of agroindustrial complex, which will make it possible in the future to develop a forecast for creation of investment projects in the sectors of agriculture of Kazakhstan. The distribution of the land fund of the region by land categories is shown, the analysis of composition of agricultural lands by types, their division into reclamation groups is given. The authors note that the potential for intensifying the branches of domestic agro-industrial complex may be the restoration of irrigated areas with reconstruction of reclamation facilities. With the rational use of land and correct implementation of work aimed at improving their quality, taking into account regional characteristics, technical level and efficiency of irrigation devices, productivity of agricultural land will increase. Conclusions – the features of land reclamation and unsettled areas imply a purposeful social production activity, which objective is to provide a variety of natural resources and a favorable environment. Land reclamation is an important factor in intensification of agricultural production, opening up wide reserves for in creasing productivity and creating a solid fodder base for livestock breeding. A digital platform for reclamation water management system should be developed. As a result, there will be a signi ficant increase in the effectiveness of field crop production.

Abstract. In the context of the modernization of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the study of food security stability is a pressing issue due to several factors. Firstly, the situation remains unstable, with a high dependence on imports in certain product categories, highlighting the urgent need for modernization of the AIC. Secondly, the effective modernization of the sector and the assurance of food security require highly qualified specialists; however, the persistent shortage of specialized personnel complicates both research and implementation of modernization tasks. Thirdly, global climate change has a significant impact on Kazakhstan, potentially affecting agricultural productivity and food production. The policy of supporting and developing the AIC plays a crucial role in ensuring national security and includes legislative regulation aimed at creating mechanisms to develop effective programs that guarantee the sustainable and balanced development of the sector. The AIC is central to the national food supply system, and its modernization is an integral part of the strategy for establishing a sustainable food system. This study emphasizes the need to consider the legal and regulatory aspects of AIC modernization and food security, including normative regulation, subsidies, trade policy, and other factors influencing the success of modernization. The aim of the research is to examine theoretical and methodological approaches and to develop recommendations for Kazakhstan’s food security system based on international best practices. The study employs methods such as comparative analysis, synthesis, and deduction.

Amidst the crisis in the food sector of the country caused by the Russian invasion and on the way to Ukraine's association with the European Union, the role of state regulation is growing. The study aimed to provide proposals for improving the food industry development programmes in the agro-industrial complex to improve the food supply of the population, innovative development of enterprises and ensure food security in Ukraine. General scientific methods were used in the study: dialectical, statistical, structural and functional analysis, tabular, systematic generalisation, and comparisons. The study summarises the existing programmes of support and development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine at the governmental and interstate levels. The problems of food and agricultural enterprises in the context of Russian aggression in Ukraine are identified, in particular, in terms of environmental damage and pollution, instability of energy supply, and rising logistics costs. The author notes the effectiveness but selectivity of grant support with the participation of foreign capital. The programme documents for the development of the agro-industrial complex and the food industry are systematised and their interconnection is analysed. These documents include the National Economic Strategy and the strategy for the development of its agricultural component, sectoral support programmes, sectoral strategies, and international and national programmes. The article presents proposals for the programme documents for the development of the food industry aimed at post-war recovery and further innovative development. The proposals take into account foreign experience, industry specifics and changes to the current legislation. Sectoral development programmes should be in line with the strategic guidelines until 2030 and the provisions of the Association Agreement with the European Union, contribute to solving environmental pollution and climate change, waste recycling and creating closed production cycles with high added value. The results obtained can be used in further research, programmes, recommendations and strategies of legislative and executive authorities for the effective development of the food industry as part of the agri-food complex and the improvement of food supply to the population.

In modern conditions, there has been a sharp drawdown of small and medium-sized businesses. The formation of the production potential of small and medium-sized businesses in the agro-industrial complex requires special attention from the state and regional authorities. The development of small and medium-sized businesses is necessary in order to create jobs, replenish the local budget and develop the economy as a whole. As practice shows, the development of entrepreneurship is not possible without the support of the state in its various manifestations. However, in 2019, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, there is a decrease in the effectiveness of the implementation of the subprogram “Development of small and medium-sized businesses” to the medium-efficient level. There are several reasons, in particular, against the general background of a decrease in funding, the level of availability of the state support is decreasing, which serves as a deterrent to the formation of production potential in small businesses.

The article considers regional development trends in the context of economic activity and price processes, shows data on material well-being of families in Russian regions, and presents the ratings of the Russian regions by dynamics of wages and family welfare. The dynamics of sectoral production (agro-industrial complex, logging and wood processing, extractive industry, oil and oil products transshipment, chemical industry, motor transport, marine transportation, furniture production, construction materials, housing construction, machine building, shipbuilding, tourism, and education) in the Russian regions has been shown, and diffrentiation of regions by industries development revealed. The dynamics of consumer demand has been presented and main factors affcting consumer activity from the cost of living crisis and escapism manifested in diffrent forms revealed. A signifiant trend is also a decrease in concentrating attention. Main trends in online commerce development in Russia have been shown as it has been growing in 2022 even against the background of general decline in consumer demand. These trends include orientation of most players to sustainable development and ethics: increasing market share and capitalization, as well as reducing concentration of activities on profi. Global and local factors of consumer goods sales development in the Internet have been identifid.

Объектом научного исследования являются источники финансирования организации. Предмет исследования - особенности формирования источников финансирования в АПК. Исследовательская работа состоит из четырех разделов, заключения и списка литературы. Статья посвящена проблеме формирования источников финансирования в отрасли АПК. Подробно исследована сущность источников финансирования, дана их краткая классификация и выделен основной критерий при определении оптимальности источника финансирования. Приведены отличительные черты аграрного сектора и сформулированы особенности источников финансирования в агропромышленном комплексе с выделением ключевых банков, которые сотрудничают с предприятиями АПК. В статье также рассмотрены актуальные предложения по формированию источников финансирования для предприятия АПК. В процессе исследования применялись методы сбора, обработки и сравнения информации, метод классификации и метод дедукции. Результатом исследования считается свод теоретической информации об особенностях источников финансирования в АПК, а также предложение современных источников финансирования для аграрного сектора. В статье также дано заключение касательно общего состояния отрасли АПК. Теоретической базой для исследования послужили труды отечественных ученых, а именно: Куприянова Л.М., Мещеряков Д.А., Мещеряков Ю.А., Сабанти Б. М., Романовский М. В., Врублевская О. В. и другие. The object of scientific research is the sources of financing of the organization. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the formation of sources of financing in the agro-industrial complex. The research work consists of four sections, a conclusion and a list of references. The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of sources of financing in the agro-industrial complex. The essence of the sources of financing is studied in detail, their brief classification is given and the main criterion for determining the optimality of the source of financing is highlighted. The distinctive features of the agricultural sector are given and the features of the sources of financing in the agro-industrial complex are formulated with the allocation of key banks that cooperate with agricultural enterprises. The article also discusses current proposals for the formation of sources of financing for the agricultural enterprise. In the course of the research, methods of collecting, processing and comparing information, classification method and deduction method were used. The result of the study is considered to be a set of theoretical information about the features of sources of financing in the agro-industrial complex, as well as the offer of modern sources of financing for the agricultural sector. The article also gives a conclusion regarding the general state of the agro-industrial complex industry. The theoretical basis for the research was the works of domestic scientists, namely: Kupriyanova L.M., Meshcheryakov D.A., Meshcheryakov Yu.A., Sabanti B. M., Romanovsky M. V., Vrublevskaya O. V. and others.

Digitalization of the Russian economy has been increasingly introduced into the Russian economy in recent years, covering an increasing number of industries and processes. In the modern information world, in the presence of such a volume of various data that require constant updating, processing and monitoring, it is impossible to do without such tools as digital technologies. The Russian agro-industrial complex has been developing quite steadily in recent years and has a tendency of further growth. This, to a large extent, contributes to the modern policy of the state, carried out through the relevant departments and orientation to the international conjuncture. The growth of production in the main branches of the agro–industrial complex in the previous year was: in crop production - 7.1%, in animal husbandry – 3.3%. In the future, it is planned to accelerate the pace of development in the agro-industrial complex due to the integrated introduction of digitalization in agriculture, which is supposed to be provided through state support measures. During the past year, the state allocated 309.1 billion rubles for the implementation of programs for the development of agriculture. Issues of agricultural development are constantly being paid attention at the meetings with the Board of the Ministry of Agriculture in Russia, which is necessary in the framework of ensuring food security in the country. The purpose of this article is to consider the main directions for the development of the agro-industrial complex, analyze the dynamics for the introduction of digital technologies and compares the pace of digitalization with other countries and different regions. It is also necessary to consider the possible advantages for the transformation of agriculture and the agro-industrial complex as a whole and the possibility of acquiring competitive advantages of the industry. It is also necessary to consider which digital technologies, in which processes and in what sequence should be implemented at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in the Krasnoyarsk Region.

The study conducted to assess the impact of the source of financing on the results of production activities of small and medium-sized businesses in agriculture in Kazakhstan is presented in the article. When building the model, the authors used the method of correlation and regression analysis, including calculations of pairwise regression, as well as the method of building statistical equations. Statistical data on the volume of financing of SMEs in agriculture by way of own funds, government resources (concessional lending, subsidies, and leasing), and non-state sources of financing such as borrowed funds from banks, microfinance organizations, credit partnerships, and leasing companies were used as the factors. Firstly, the results of the study showed that such factors as bank lending and leasing financing by private companies do not have a significant impact on production volumes. Secondly, of all the factors analyzed, the greatest impact on gross output was made by financing by microfinance organizations and credit partnerships, which determines and indicates the need for the development of non-state sources of financing. Thirdly, a comprehensive approach combining state financial support as well as available non-state financial resources is needed to achieve the strategic objectives of economic development and ensure the required level of food security.

Purpose : development of scientifically grounded recommendations for effective interaction between agricultural corporations and small businesses. The information base of this work is based on the official data of Krasnodarstat, as well as on information from periodicals on the subject under study, official Internet sites. Results: the authors made an attempt to develop recommendations for effective interaction between agricultural corporations and small businesses. The future of Russian entrepreneurship and the development of small businesses is directly determined by the possibilities of forming corporate ties between small and large enterprises. The overwhelming majority of small businesses are in the sphere of interests of large business. A scientific hypothesis on the assumption that there is a close interaction between small businesses and agricultural corporations. Practical significance : the main provisions and conclusions can be used in the development and implementation of recommendations for improving the economic interactions of agricultural corporations of small businesses in the agro-industrial complex, in the agro- industrial complex, in developing a sound strategy for the agro-industrial complex of the Krasnodar region, while increasing the competitiveness of the national economy in the agro-industrial complex.

A small innovative business plays an important role in the innovation process and NTP of developed countries. It serves as an integral part of the innovation environment. Features of this type of business are mostly adequate to the needs of the innovation sector. In this regard, a comprehensive development of small innovative businesses, increase of its importance in the innovation process is the main factor of intensification. This makes the relevance of the article as a detailed study of the role of small innovative businesses in innovative processes of developed countries. It allows forming the theoretical and empirical foundations that should be in the strategy of innovation and economic development of Ukraine. The paper examines the role of innovation in the small business economy of highly developed countries. The causes of occurrence and development of innovative entrepreneurship in the sphere of small business are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the state support of small innovative businesses. In the article the model of innovative small businesses is considered. We have analysed the various organizational, economic and institutional and legal forms, which characterise the small innovative enterprise, depending on the extent of scientific and technological activities, sources of funding, nature of interaction with businesses big business. The modern role and place of small innovative companies in the national economy are defined. The dynamics of funding of small businesses innovation activity for federal SBIR and STTR programs are analysed in the article.