Abstract
This paper is focuses on to determine the air masses observed during convective processes in Baku and the Absheron Peninsula in 2011-2020. As well as to identify the frequency of air masses and atmospheric phenomena by seasons and years. The purpose of this study is to determine weather phenomena that is significantly influence the safety and the operational activity of air traffic, particularly, in the areas of the aerodrome and route. The formation of thunderstorms is a particularly important meteorological event that has major relevance to aviation safety. Despite all the safety improvements, the weather is still today a major cause of aviation accidents and incidents. According to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) statistics, 15-20 % of plane crashes are caused by severe weather conditions. Hazards associated with convective weather include thunderstorms with severe turbulence, intense up- and downdrafts, lightning, hail, heavy precipitation, icing, wind shear, microbursts and strong low-level winds. As a source of the information regular observations of Heydar Aliyev International Airport, also soundings, satellite images, surface and upper air maps were used.
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