Abstract
The discussion about the soul in ancient philosophy is connected not only with consideration of the soul’s relation to the body, its capacities and functions of the living organism, but also with the question of generation, formation and animation of organic body, that has life potentially, in the womb. Considering the generation among the capacities of the nourishing soul, Alexander in De Anima Liber discusses the causes of embryogenesis. Among the causes of embryo’s development, he indicates the nourishing capacity, which is transmitted from the parent through the seed, and the soul as a form of the parent, which acts in the embryo, since it is part of the mother, that is, before birth. The paper explicates Alexander's notion of the causes of animal’s generation in the context of his idea of the soul as capacity (δύναμις) and disposition (ἕξις) from the perspective of the Alexander's treatise "On the Soul" and Simplicius's commentary on the Aristotle's "Physics".
Highlights
ᄙ Ʃƣ Ƣƫƾơǀƾƾƫƺƹ ƞƟƺǀƿ ƿƩƣ ƾƺǀƶ ƫƹ ƞƹơƫƣƹƿ ƻƩƫƶƺƾƺƻƩDŽ ƫƾ ơƺƹƹƣơƿƣƢ ƹƺƿ ƺƹƶDŽ ǂƫƿƩ ơƺƹƾƫƢƣƽƞƿƫƺƹ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƾƺǀƶᅷƾ ƽƣƶƞƿƫƺƹ ƿƺ ƿƩƣ ƟƺƢDŽᄕ ƫƿƾ ơƞƻƞơƫƿƫƣƾ ƞƹƢ Ƥǀƹơƿƫƺƹƾ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƶƫǁƫƹƨ ƺƽƨƞƹƫƾƸᄕ Ɵǀƿ ƞƶƾƺ ǂƫƿƩ ƿƩƣ Ƽǀƣƾƿƫƺƹ ƺƤ ƨƣƹƣƽƞƿƫƺƹᄕ ƤƺƽƸƞƿƫƺƹ ƞƹƢ ƞƹƫƸƞƿƫƺƹ ƺƤ ƺƽƨƞƹƫơ ƟƺƢDŽᄕ ƿƩƞƿ Ʃƞƾ ƶƫƤƣ ƻƺƿƣƹƿƫƞƶƶDŽᄕ ƫƹ ƿƩƣ ǂƺƸƟᄙ ƺƹƾƫƢƣƽƫƹƨ ƿƩƣ ƨƣƹƣƽƞƿƫƺƹ ƞƸƺƹƨ ƿƩƣ ơƞƻƞơƫƿƫƣƾ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƹƺǀƽƫƾƩƫƹƨ ƾƺǀƶᄕ ƶƣǃƞƹƢƣƽ ƫƹ Ƣ ƵƩƴƞ ƩƟƢƹ Ƣƫƾơǀƾƾƣƾ ƿƩƣ ơƞǀƾƣƾ ƺƤ ƣƸƟƽDŽƺƨƣƹƣƾƫƾᄙ Ƹƺƹƨ ƿƩƣ ơƞǀƾƣƾ ƺƤ ƣƸƟƽDŽƺᅷƾ ƢƣǁƣƶƺƻƸƣƹƿᄕ Ʃƣ ƫƹƢƫơƞƿƣƾ ƿƩƣ ƹƺǀƽƫƾƩƫƹƨ ơƞƻƞơƫƿDŽᄕ ǂƩƫơƩ ƫƾ ƿƽƞƹƾƸƫƿƿƣƢ ƤƽƺƸ ƿƩƣ ƻƞƽƣƹƿ ƿƩƽƺǀƨƩ ƿƩƣ ƾƣƣƢᄕ ƞƹƢ ƿƩƣ ƾƺǀƶ ƞƾ ƞ ƤƺƽƸ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƻƞƽƣƹƿᄕ ǂƩƫơƩ ƞơƿƾ ƫƹ ƿƩƣ ƣƸƟƽDŽƺᄕ ƾƫƹơƣ ƫƿ ƫƾ ƻƞƽƿ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƸƺƿƩƣƽᄕ ƿƩƞƿ ƫƾᄕ ƟƣƤƺƽƣ ƟƫƽƿƩᄙ Ʃƣ ƻƞƻƣƽ ƣǃƻƶƫơƞƿƣƾ ƶƣǃƞƹƢƣƽᅘƾ ƹƺƿƫƺƹ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ơƞǀƾƣƾ ƺƤ ƞƹƫƸƞƶᅷƾ ƨƣƹƣƽƞƿƫƺƹ ƫƹ ƿƩƣ ơƺƹƿƣǃƿ ƺƤ Ʃƫƾ ƫƢƣƞ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƾƺǀƶ ƞƾ ơƞƻƞơƫƿDŽ ᄬஔేஞஙதᄭ ƞƹƢ Ƣƫƾƻƺƾƫƿƫƺƹ ᄬைடஙதᄭ ƤƽƺƸ ƿƩƣ ƻƣƽᅟ ƾƻƣơƿƫǁƣ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƶƣǃƞƹƢƣƽᅘƾ ƿƽƣƞƿƫƾƣ ᅙƹ ƿƩƣ ƺǀƶᅙ ƞƹƢ ƫƸƻƶƫơƫǀƾᅘƾ ơƺƸƸƣƹƿƞƽDŽ ƺƹ ƿƩƣ ƽƫƾƿƺƿƶƣᅘƾ ᅙƩDŽƾƫơƾᅙᄙ
ႁၴၺၯၻၷ ᄬ Ƣ Ƶჯ ᇳᇲᄙᇳᅬᇴᄭᄕ ၯ ၳႂႇႂ ၹၯၹ ႃၽၿၻႂ ၽၿၲၯၼၷႆၴႀၹၽၲၽ ႁၴၺၯ ၽၼ ၼၯၶႊၱၯၴႁ ၾၿၷၿၽၳၽၸ ᄬ Ƣ Ƶჯ ᇳᇳᄙᇷᅬᇹᄖ ᇴᇺᄙᇳᇲᄭᄙ ၌ၻᄙ ႁၯၹၵၴ ƞƾƿƺƹ ᇴᇲᇳᇴᄕ ᇶᄖ ᇳᇴᇷᄕ ƹᄙ ᇴᇹᇳᄙ ᇵᇲ ၍ၯၹ ၾၿၷၿၽၳႂ ၽၾၿၴၳၴၺႎၴႁ ၌ၷၻၾၺၷၹၷၸᄕ ႀၻᄙᄘ ƫƸƻƶᄙ Ƶ ƨǀƺჯ ᇴᇺᇸᄙᇴᇳᅬᇴᇷᄖ ᇴᇺᇸᄙᇵᇶᅬᇵᇸᄙ ွ ၹၯႆၴႀႁၱၴ ஙஙச ృ ၽၼ ၼၯၶႊၱၯၴႁ ၾၿၷၿၽၳႂ ၼၷၶႇၴၸ ၵၷၶၼႋႍ ᄬணநీ பూᄖ Ƶ ƨǀƺჯ ᇴᇺᇻᄕᇴᇸᅟᇵᇷᄭᄙ ၌ၻᄙ ƶǀƸƣƹƿƩƞƶ ᇳᇻᇻᇸᄕ ᇹᇺᄙ
Summary
ᄙ Ʃƣ Ƣƫƾơǀƾƾƫƺƹ ƞƟƺǀƿ ƿƩƣ ƾƺǀƶ ƫƹ ƞƹơƫƣƹƿ ƻƩƫƶƺƾƺƻƩDŽ ƫƾ ơƺƹƹƣơƿƣƢ ƹƺƿ ƺƹƶDŽ ǂƫƿƩ ơƺƹƾƫƢƣƽƞƿƫƺƹ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƾƺǀƶᅷƾ ƽƣƶƞƿƫƺƹ ƿƺ ƿƩƣ ƟƺƢDŽᄕ ƫƿƾ ơƞƻƞơƫƿƫƣƾ ƞƹƢ Ƥǀƹơƿƫƺƹƾ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƶƫǁƫƹƨ ƺƽƨƞƹƫƾƸᄕ Ɵǀƿ ƞƶƾƺ ǂƫƿƩ ƿƩƣ Ƽǀƣƾƿƫƺƹ ƺƤ ƨƣƹƣƽƞƿƫƺƹᄕ ƤƺƽƸƞƿƫƺƹ ƞƹƢ ƞƹƫƸƞƿƫƺƹ ƺƤ ƺƽƨƞƹƫơ ƟƺƢDŽᄕ ƿƩƞƿ Ʃƞƾ ƶƫƤƣ ƻƺƿƣƹƿƫƞƶƶDŽᄕ ƫƹ ƿƩƣ ǂƺƸƟᄙ ƺƹƾƫƢƣƽƫƹƨ ƿƩƣ ƨƣƹƣƽƞƿƫƺƹ ƞƸƺƹƨ ƿƩƣ ơƞƻƞơƫƿƫƣƾ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƹƺǀƽƫƾƩƫƹƨ ƾƺǀƶᄕ ƶƣǃƞƹƢƣƽ ƫƹ Ƣ ƵƩƴƞ ƩƟƢƹ Ƣƫƾơǀƾƾƣƾ ƿƩƣ ơƞǀƾƣƾ ƺƤ ƣƸƟƽDŽƺƨƣƹƣƾƫƾᄙ Ƹƺƹƨ ƿƩƣ ơƞǀƾƣƾ ƺƤ ƣƸƟƽDŽƺᅷƾ ƢƣǁƣƶƺƻƸƣƹƿᄕ Ʃƣ ƫƹƢƫơƞƿƣƾ ƿƩƣ ƹƺǀƽƫƾƩƫƹƨ ơƞƻƞơƫƿDŽᄕ ǂƩƫơƩ ƫƾ ƿƽƞƹƾƸƫƿƿƣƢ ƤƽƺƸ ƿƩƣ ƻƞƽƣƹƿ ƿƩƽƺǀƨƩ ƿƩƣ ƾƣƣƢᄕ ƞƹƢ ƿƩƣ ƾƺǀƶ ƞƾ ƞ ƤƺƽƸ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƻƞƽƣƹƿᄕ ǂƩƫơƩ ƞơƿƾ ƫƹ ƿƩƣ ƣƸƟƽDŽƺᄕ ƾƫƹơƣ ƫƿ ƫƾ ƻƞƽƿ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƸƺƿƩƣƽᄕ ƿƩƞƿ ƫƾᄕ ƟƣƤƺƽƣ ƟƫƽƿƩᄙ Ʃƣ ƻƞƻƣƽ ƣǃƻƶƫơƞƿƣƾ ƶƣǃƞƹƢƣƽᅘƾ ƹƺƿƫƺƹ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ơƞǀƾƣƾ ƺƤ ƞƹƫƸƞƶᅷƾ ƨƣƹƣƽƞƿƫƺƹ ƫƹ ƿƩƣ ơƺƹƿƣǃƿ ƺƤ Ʃƫƾ ƫƢƣƞ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƾƺǀƶ ƞƾ ơƞƻƞơƫƿDŽ ᄬஔేஞஙதᄭ ƞƹƢ Ƣƫƾƻƺƾƫƿƫƺƹ ᄬைடஙதᄭ ƤƽƺƸ ƿƩƣ ƻƣƽᅟ ƾƻƣơƿƫǁƣ ƺƤ ƿƩƣ ƶƣǃƞƹƢƣƽᅘƾ ƿƽƣƞƿƫƾƣ ᅙƹ ƿƩƣ ƺǀƶᅙ ƞƹƢ ƫƸƻƶƫơƫǀƾᅘƾ ơƺƸƸƣƹƿƞƽDŽ ƺƹ ƿƩƣ ƽƫƾƿƺƿƶƣᅘƾ ᅙƩDŽƾƫơƾᅙᄙ.
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