Abstract
Synthetic polymer materials are in high demand due to their exceptional properties. Their main consumers are the tire and rubber industries. When producing synthetic rubbers, there is a loss of polymer in the form of fine crumb rubber, which is formed at the final stage of their production. Today, the removal of this crumb from the wastewater of latex rubber extraction plants is an urgent issue. The results of a study on the extraction of fine rubber crumbs are presented. The task is solved by using an apparatus for separating water phases in the technology, which allows more complete and rational use of expensive products of chemical and petrochemical production, increase productivity and environmental friendliness of production, which leads to an increase in technosphere safety in general. The optimal flow rates of aqueous phases passed through the spiral belt of the filter element, which is 15–25 m/s, have been determined. The separated water stream containing concentrated fine rubber crumb is returned to the styrene-butadiene latex coagulation stage. The purified water phase after the filter element is collected in a separate collector and used to prepare solutions of coagulating and acidifying agents. The additional introduction of finely dispersed rubber crumbs into the composition of the resulting coagulum do not lead to a deterioration in the basic physical and mechanical properties of the resulting rubbers and vulcanizates. The proposed method for industrial wastewater treatment improves safety in the technosphere.
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