АНАЛИЗ СИСТЕМ ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЯ СИНХРОННЫХ ГЕНЕРАТОРОВ ЗАВОДСКИХ ЭЛЕКТРОСТАНЦИЙ

Abstract

One of the priorities in the development of metallurgical enterprises is to increase own generation of electricity. At the largest enterprises in the sector – PJSC MMK (Magnitogorsk), Severstal PJSC (Cherepovets), PJSC “NLMK” (Lipetsk) Electricity generation is 60–70% of total consumption. This contributes to two factors: firstly, the presence of secondary fuel gases – coke and domain; and secondly, unreasonably high electricity tariffs. Thus there is an urgent need to ensure sustainable trouble-free operation of factory generators and basic systems. Automatic excitation control systems (ARV) are the most important factor when determining the state of the generator in various modes. The main requirements for ARV systems determine the specific working conditions. We will highlight the most significant and significant of these. 1. Low power 10–50 MW generators are connected to an external power system on 110 kV buses, where the short circuit capacity is within 3000–5000 mba. Thus the possibilities of regulating and maintaining voltage are very limited. 2. Since the electricity produced by its own power plants is 2–2.5 times cheaper than purchased power, almost all generators work with a power factor close to one. This significantly reduces their stability in the power supply system. 3. The voltage at the point of connection and loading of the Eigen needs for the generator voltage stations are unsta-ble. Therefore, in order to preserve the stability of generators in transient modes, the most preferred is the ARV system with a switching structure in which the settings and regulation laws are selected depending on Work modes. The work gives a general review of the existing laws and the proposed arousal regulation law, adapted to the condi-tions of factory generators of small and medium-sized power, working concomitantly with a high power grid.