Технологии увеличения нефтеотдачи на месторождениях Северного Каспия

Abstract

Permanent modernization of production processes for the extraction of hydrocarbon raw materials is an integral part of rational subsoil use. Research and implementation of the latest technologies in the process of oil produc-tion ensures production and economic efficiency. In the world practice of oil production, vast experience has been accumulated in experimental research and practical implementation of various methods that can significantly increase oil recovery. In the process of choosing a method or combination of methods for increasing oil recovery, many criteria are taken into account, but the geological conditions of the deposit under development, as well as the composition and physico-chemical characteristics of reservoir fluids are of primary importance. Of all the methods of increasing oil recovery, the biological method has become the least common today due to its little knowledge. The relevance of the research and further implementation of the technology of enhanced oil recovery by the biological method is primarily due to the criterion of environmental safety. A significant advantage of the biological method of increasing oil recovery is that microorganisms are capable of multiplying and enhancing biochemical activity depending on the physico-chemical conditions of the environment. One of the biological methods of increasing oil recovery is the activation of reservoir microflora. This technology consists in cyclic injection of nutrient medium into the formation, which stimulates an increase in the number of certain types of microorganisms in it that can affect the fluid and rock. The article considers the technology of activation of reservoir microflora, namely silicate bacteria, as a method of increasing oil recovery at the sites of the Northern Caspian.