ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЛАНЦЮГАМИ ПОСТАВОК У ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

Abstract

The article analyzes the peculiarities of supply chain management in foreign economic activity. Particular attention is paid to the need to establish cooperation and appropriate integration between the participants of the supply chain. Supply chain analysis in foreign economic activity helps to investigate logistics costs and solve the problem of their optimization, which, in fact, turns into a task of their minimization, as well as to optimize the cost of customs clearance of goods. A changing competitive environment requires the formation of an effective supply chain, taking into account the peculiarities of not only the national market, but also international norms for transport services of foreign economic activity and legislation of different countries regarding customs procedures. When planning economic activity and foreign economic activity, in particular, many factors that have a direct or indirect impact on the formation of a price for the end user are taken into account, one of the main ones is the proximity to raw materials, fuel, and consumers. The pattern of rational placement of production follows from the economic law of labor economy, which regulates the costs of overcoming the distance between the areas of raw materials production, production and consumption of products, and also takes into account additional costs arising from the movement of raw materials or final products of the customs border. The role of this law is decisive, since logistics costs and customs clearance costs during implementation often occupy the lion's share in the cost of final products and, accordingly, form a price for the consumer. It is through the solution of logistical problems that it is possible to minimize transport costs and customs clearance costs, which ultimately affects the cost of finished products. The effectiveness of such actions depends on the amount of financial and time costs and in the current competitive environment is the main factor that affects the formation of competitiveness of the enterprise. Thus, the task of minimizing total costs is reduced to the task of minimizing transport costs and customs clearance costs. Thus, effective management of supply chains, taking into account the peculiarities of the implementation of foreign economic contracts, will greatly simplify the process of promoting the finished products of the enterprise in foreign markets and establish effective cooperation with foreign suppliers of raw materials for their own production.