Обеспечение населения России отечественной плодово-ягодной продукцией

Abstract

The article highlights the problems of the importance and necessity of the permanent consumption of fresh and processed fruit and berry products, which are essential for human health as the main strategic resource of the economy of any state. The aim of the article is to demonstrate the possibilities of providing the population with fresh fruits, berries and processed products in the volume corresponding to the rational consumption norms, to determine the ways of improving the sustainable development of the domestic fruit subcomplex in the conditions of international sanctions. The methodology of the work is based on the use of official statistics, information from the Internet, as well as research of domestic scientists and economists in the field of food security. The results of the study showed that at the present stage the issues of consumption of fruit and berry products in the required quantity are relevant in all countries. The dynamics of the development of horticulture in the world and in Russia for the period 1960–2021 is analysed. It is shown that Russia has reduced its position in the area of perennial crops and gross harvest of fresh fruits and berries. At the same time, there is a positive trend in the growth of productivity, gross yield and per capita consumption in the period 2010–2021. Compared to developed countries, Russia is characterised by a low level of fruit consumption and a higher level of fruit juice consumption. The article states that it is impossible for the country to achieve self-sufficiency in the analysed products due to the following objective factors: natural and climatic conditions, rather high dependence on imports of finished products and resource components. In this regard, an integrated approach is needed, including both ways to increase domestic production and imports in amounts that do not threaten the country’s food security. The results of the article can be used to expand further scientific research in the field of providing the population with fresh and processed fruit and berry products.