Исследование динамики формирования плазмоидов в гатчинском разряде

Abstract

The results of studies of the Gatchina discharge carried out at the Harbin Technological University (China) are presented. The Gatchina discharge is mainly used to create an analogue of ball lightning in the ordinary atmosphere of a laboratory. Most of the research on this discharge by various groups of scientists is devoted to the study of the first phase of the discharge, when an electric discharge is galvanically coupled to an electrode. This is due to the fact that many researchers consider this phase of the discharge to be decisive for the subsequent long-term existence of an autonomous luminous formation - the second phase of the discharge. In this paper, in comparison with similar works, the leader-streamer process on the water surface was demonstrated more fully and with a better resolution. The use of the filter made it possible to better show the role of leaders, streamers, and the ionization region in the immediate vicinity of the water surface and to clarify some of the processes occurring in the autonomous phase of the discharge. In the wavelength range of 400-500 nm, the autonomous luminous formation showed a longer lifetime in the form of a spherical shape than when observed in "white" light. With a sharp increase in the amount of substance introduced to the cathode, a new physical effect was recorded, which consists in the fact that in the medium of an ordinary atmosphere, a complex formation of a white color is formed without losing contact with the electrode (cathode). By varying the electrical conductivity and initial voltage, an unexpectedly small luminous formation with a diameter of 15-17 mm was obtained for the first time, which was not previously observed in a Gatchina discharge. Key words: Gatchina discharge, plasmoid, long-lived luminous formations, plasma sheet, space charge, virtual cathode, ball lightning. By varying the electrical conductivity and the initial voltage, an unexpectedly small luminous formation with a diameter of 15-17 mm was obtained for the first time, which was not previously observed in the Gatchina discharge.