Фреймова організація концепту «ХВОРОБА » в англійській мові

Abstract

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of research of one of the universal concepts of understanding the world - the concept of DISEASE, which is analyzed using the frame method, widely known and recognized in both domestic and foreign cognitology. The development of cognitive linguistics opens up new possibilities for fruitful language research. The study of the deep connection between cognitive structures of cognition and language forms, ways of conceptualizing cultural schemes has increased the attention of linguists to the concept of "concept". The concept of DISEASE as a structure of knowledge can be represented in the form of a scheme, frame, conceptual scenario. One of the most used structures for presenting the conceptual content of the concept is the frame, because through it you can analyze the structure of the concept in the most detail. The relevance of this work is to study the frame structure of the concept of DISEASE, its cognitive features, attributes and relationships through the analysis of verbalized units of the concept. The purpose of the article is to show how the accumulated knowledge and information about the disease are structured in frame conceptual structures and fixed in the minds of native English speakers. Materials and methods of research. The material for the study was dictionary articles from English-language specialized and philological dictionaries and encyclopedic reference books. In the course of the analysis we relied on the methods of continuous sampling of language material, definition and frame analyzes. R esults of the research. The article not only provides a number of definitions of the term "frame", but also clarifies the concept of frame, describes the frame approach to the study of the concept. The author presents schemes of basic frames, connections between them and their combinations, which structure the information about the name of the frame DISEASE. The analysis of vocabulary definitions of the token "disease" highlights the cognitive features of this concept: "health disorder", "body dysfunction" and an additional semantic feature - "cause of disease" caused by infection or health disorder, not accident. Based on the typology of basic frames of S. Zhabotynska and the propositional schemes by which they are constituted, the frame of the concept DISEASE was structured on the basis of subject and action frames. Frame analysis of the concept of DISEASE makes it possible to describe both the structure of this concept and to summarize all the accumulated knowledge about the disease, which is represented around the concept of "disease". The top nodes of the frame are AGENCY, PATIENT, ACTION, PURPOSE, TOOL and RESULT. Сonclusions. It is concluded that for modeling the concept it is advisable to use traditional units of cognitivism (frame, gestalt, script, script, etc.), which have a clearer structure than the concept. Information about the concept of DISEASE in combination with the cognitive features attached to them, which form conceptual schemes and generate combinations of frames, structures the conceptual space of DISEASE, which is reflected in the English language. It was also concluded that the conceptual basis of the name of the concept of DISEASE according to lexicographic sources is a fairly generalized information, the source of which is the scope of subject-logical activity of the individual.