Чинники та наслідки міграційного руху в Україні.

Abstract

In the article the author investigates the factors and implications of the migration movement in Ukraine. It is established that the main problems of migration in Ukraine are: the prevalence of illegal labor migration; increase of volumes of long-term labor migration; increasing the participation of young people in domestic and international migration; an increase in the number of inhabitants from the northern, eastern and central Ukraine, which are characterized by a higher level of readiness for long-term emigration (the psychological side – as those who have already made the first step to this, the economic premise – the loss of real estate, work, stable income, etc.); increasing negative socio-economic and demographic consequences. In the article systematized the main factors influencing the migration movement in Ukraine in two periods – 2010-2014 and 2014-2017. The factors influencing the content are differentiated in groups: demographic, socio-economic, socio-psychological, normative, legal, political, for each group of factors the consequences of migration processes for the country are determined. It was proved that in 2010-2014 the factors influencing the migration movement were: the gradual reduction of life expectancy at the background of a low standard of living, poor living conditions and wages, professional and qualitative imbalance in the country’s labor market, low level of satisfaction with quality and standard of living in the country, ineffective system of public administration, insecurity from abuse of power structures, and in 2014-2017, factors such as: feeling insecurity and uncertainty in the future against the background of a loss of a stable life the sense of manifestations of social isolation by internally displaced persons, despondency to state support, imperfect and untimely decisions on the protection of the sovereignty of the state and support of internally displaced persons, low level of national security. In order to address the specific problems inherent in the migration processes in Ukraine, in the article proposes directions for improving the existing migration policy.