한국고고학에 있어 방사성탄소연대 활용의 문제점과 대안 검토

Abstract

As the use of radiocarbon dating is gradually increasing, this article is written to provide a review of best practices in the use of radiocarbon dates and their application in Korean archaeology. To promote better understanding of radiocarbon dating, first of all, before reviewing research cases, methods and principles, standard error, calibration curve, measured dates, and calibration dates are explained in detail, and the necessity of a statistical approach to measurement results and the use of calibration dates are emphasized. In addition, methods, procedures, and points to be noted for identifying abnormal dates are also discussed. Next, cases in which radiocarbon dating in Korean archaeology have been misused or misunderstood are examined. The problem of using uncalibrated dates, the problem of interpretation of radiocarbon dates which are inconsistent with historical records and typological chronology, and the use of radiocarbon dates in the plateau sections of calibration curves are examined. Finally, we review important research cases in prehistoric and historical period studies, in which radiocarbon dating is most widely used. The validity of research methods, applicable at the current level of radiocarbon dates in Korea, such as examining existing chronologies, Wiggle Matching and Bayesian modeling, and demographic approaches were examined. In addition, several alternatives were proposed for the reasonable application of radiocarbon dating and research extensibility.