ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИЯ И МИГРАЦИЯ: ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ РОССИЙСКОГО РЫНКА ТРУДА

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the situation on the Russian labor market: the cost of construction of facilities, especially residential ones, has sharply increased due to the fact that a significant part, should not the majority, of the migrant workers were forced to return to their homeland, and many projects were threatened with disruption. It turned out to be a powerful argument in favor of migrants, who actually became a full-fledged second “engine” of the Russian economy. Migrants contribute to the economy, stabilize the social and demographic potential of the receiving country, and therefore in Russia as well as in other independent states of the post-Soviet space it is time to move away from the perception of migrants at best as a burden, and at worst as a threat. Currently, the reduction of labor immigration is considered as one of the key economic issues of the Russian Federation, along with a decrease in economic activity of the population and increase in the number of people employed in the informal sector of the economy, etc. Migration in Russia and throughout the Post-Soviet space is a social process that complies with the logic of economic laws. The effective use of migrant labor is conditioned as a result of understanding the basic mechanisms of the human capital market, its national characteristics. The human capital market is recognized to be one of the resource market types. However, despite some similarities with the markets of goods and services, the human capital market has some features that are primarily associated with the complexity and diversity of the market transactions object, namely knowledge, abilities, skills, qualifications, experience, culture and personnel motivation. Understanding of those features makes it possible to manage the complex self-regulating and economic law-based system that was developed in the economy of the Russian Federation. However, it should be taken into account that the crisis caused by the pandemic revealed new challenges related to labor migration that were previously unknown or known, but poorly studied. The article is devoted to the analysis of such issues. The author offers concrete proposals for the restoration and development of the Russian labor market, affected by the coronavirus pandemic, based on the results of the study