ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КООПЕРАТИВОВ: ОПЫТ КАНАДЫ

Abstract

The article presents the results of theoretical and empirical research on what kind of institutional and technological changes modern cooperative organizations are experiencing and how the transformations taking place at the level of cooperatives affect the qualitative characteristics of their human capital. Firstly, the paper analyzes the most significant aspects that affect the human capital of agricultural cooperatives, such as the organizational model in which they operate, the principles on which their activities are based as a whole. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that the business orientation of modern cooperatives and its (to a certain extent) entrepreneurial (and not purely traditional) structure from the point of view of ownership, management, financing determine new requirements not only for the members of the cooperative (farmers), but also (perhaps to a greater extent) for managers, narrow specialists, employees. Secondly, the factors contributing to the intensification of competition in agricultural markets are considered, in particular, it is proved that new requirements for agricultural products from its consumers determine new strategies of cooperative behavior, and consequently, a new "personnel architecture" of cooperative organizations, in which such qualities of human capital as high qualification, professional flexibility, creativity, responsibility for results, leadership, and the ability to work as a team come to the fore. Thirdly, based on the generalization of the results of scrupulous research of domestic and Western scientists on human capital management, the practical experience of Canadian agricultural cooperatives (using the example of the modern Canadian cooperative "Agropur"), their problems are revealed (including those that are determined by modern challenges and threats associated with the coronavirus pandemic, unfavorable climatic conditions, political sanctions), the approaches to the successful development of agricultural cooperation through the formation of relevant human capital are determined.