Трофічні консортивні зв’язки винограду дівочого чіпкого (Parthenocissus inserta) з птахами в культурфітоценозах Києва

Abstract

The state of adaptation of alien species to new conditions of existence is expedient to investigate by elucidating the consortial relationships that these species form with aboriginal representatives of the biota. We studied a species with invasive characteristics: Parthenocissus inserta (A. Kern.) Fritsch., 1922. Purpose is to find out the species composition of P. inserta birds-consorts in the urban plantations of Kyiv; residence status and trophic specialization of consorts; to evaluate the synchronization of P. inserta phenodates with the key periods of the life of birds, in trophic consortial “P. іnserta – birds”, as an indicator of the inclusion of advent plants in the biocenoses of the Kyiv region. The material analyzed in the present study was observations of birds that feed on P. іnserta (n=11). The material was collected according to the widely accepted method of bird observation. In total, 218 P. іnserta were monitored in parks and streets of Kyiv in 2020–2022. Forty-one cases of bird feeding on the plant were recorded. Intensive phenological monitoring P. іnserta (n=5) was used. The distribution of birds by trophic groups was carried out according to a recognized classification. The trophic consortive relationships of P. inserta with 17 species of birds of 3 orders were revealed. They form 2 types of relationships: 1) direct, when feeding directly berries; 2) indirect, when they eat invertebrates on the vine, leaf, flowers and fruits. From 1 to 24 bird individuals on 1 plant fed per one observation, on average 5,90±0,95 (n=41). Consorts are birds of the following residence statuses: residents are the species living in Kyiv all year round; nesting – only during the reproductive period; wintering – in the winter period in the Kyiv; migratory – birds whose migration routes pass through the territory of Kyiv. Resident species were dominated (52,94%). The next species dominate in abundance: Columba livia, Passer montanus, Sturnus vulgaris, Turdus pilaris. Consorts of “P. іnserta – birds” formed from August up to mid-February.